1. EPIDEMIC VS PANDEMIC

2. THE RATE OF SPREAD… Last class we talked about how pathogens spread, but the rate of spread is also important. How quickly a disease spreads, and size of the area affected are key factors in the study of epidemiology, and today we will look at 2 very different cases!

3. EXAMPLE PROBLEM E. coli bacteria divide every 20 minutes. If you have 30 bacteria cells at the beginning of your experiment, how many E. coli cells do you have after 2 hours? Formula: 2 number of generations x initial number of bacteria = total number of bacteria present

4. BASIC BACTERIOLOGY What process do bacteria use to reproduce/replicate? You are going to calculate the rate of bacteria growth for several scenarios! You can work with your table partner if needed…and you will need a calculator with an exponent function. (half sheet- Basic Bacteriology) Bacteria Reproduction Video Clip http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gEwzDydciWc

5. THE RATE OF SPREAD… Outbreak - The Cholera Story John Snow

6. CHOLERA BACKGROUND (PLEASE READ…QUESTIONS ON TEST!) Cholera is a disease that is spread by bacteria. The onset of cholera can appear with little or no warning, and include symptoms such as diarrhea, acute spasmodic vomiting and painful cramping. The victim can lose up to 5 gallons of liquid within 24 hours consequently causing severe dehydration accompanied by cyanosis, a condition in which the skin turns blue, begins to pucker and becomes cold…death may occur in as little as a few hours.

7. THE CHOLERA STORY The year is 1854, you live in London, and suddenly, people in your neighborhood begin to get sick and die very quickly. You hear your parents whispering that this isn’t the first time they have seen this type of sickness…it happened before in 1832 and nobody really knew what to do. This time however, a doctor, John Snow, comes with a new idea…

8. THE CHOLERA STORY He thought that if he checked the city’s death records and mapped out exactly where people were living when they died, he might find some clues as to what was causing the disease and therefore how to stop it from spreading any further. With this idea came the birth of early epidemiology…

9. TED TALKS – THE GHOST MAP http://www.ted.com/talks/steven_johnson_tours_the_ghost_map

10. “The single biggest threat to man’s continued dominance on the planet is the virus” – Joshua Lederberg, Ph.D How a Virus Changes the World… http://www.takepart.com/sites/default/files/contagion/index.html#&slider1= 1

11. EVOLUTION OF EPIDEMICS & PANDEMICS http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UG8YbNbdaco As we watch the video, add to your list!

12. PROJECT OUTBREAK A disease is considered an outbreak when it occurs in greater numbers than expected in a community or region, or during a season. An outbreak may occur in one community or even extend to several countries. It can last from days to years. Sometimes a single case of a contagious disease is considered an outbreak if it is an unknown disease, is new to a community, or has been absent from a population for a long time. An outbreak can be categorized as an epidemic or pandemic.

13. PROJECT OUTBREAK RESOURCES http://www.takepart.com/sites/default/files/contagion/index.html#&slider1 =1 http://www.takepart.com/sites/default/files/contagion/index.html#&slider1 =1 http://www.who.int/csr/disease/en/ http://www.healthline.com/health-slideshow/10-worst-disease- outbreaks#1 http://www.healthline.com/health-slideshow/10-worst-disease- outbreaks#1