1. Asami Shikida, Mami Yoda, Akiko Kino, and Masayuki Morishige of Hokkaido University, Japan Tourism Relationship Model and Intermediary for Community Tourism Management: Case Study of the Kiritappu Wetland Trust in Hamanaka, Hokkaido

2. AGENDA 1.Introduction sustainable tourism? 2. Proposition of the model 3. Adaptation of the model to the Kiritappu Wetland Trust 4. Implications 5. Conclusions

3. The purpose of this study To propose a simple model that depicts the relationship between community and extra- community stakeholders The model will support the effective governance of sustainable tourism(ST)

4. Proposed tourism relationship model Figure 1: Tourism Relationship Model Natural, cultural, and human resources of destination Community- based intermediary （ CBI ） Tourists and travel agencies Step 2: Sales and Promotion =Marketing Step 3: Acceptance of tourists Step 1: Value addition =Branding Step 4: Community development and resource management Extra- Community Intra-Community

5. The three components of the model 1.Human resources in the destination community in addition to the local natural and cultural resources 2.Tourists and travel agencies located outside the community. 3.“Intermediary”, community-based organization or mechanism that connects the first two components

6. How it works Step 4( Community development and resource management) is crucial to support ST CBI is working for under the community governance to facilitate four functions. Sustainable destination management is balancing 3+1 functions

7. The Kiritappu Wetland Trust ecotour The wetland center

8. Tourism Relationship Model Applied to Kiritappu Wetland Trust Wetland and human resources of community Kiritappu Wetland Trust Tourists from extra- community Step 2: Sales and Promotion Step 3: Acceptance of ecotourists Step 1: Value addition Step 4: Purchase and conservation of wetland Consignment fee from town, donations from private sector, and trust membership fees Intra-CommunityExtra-Community

9. Purchased land

10. Value aspect Economic Value Existence Value Natural, cultural, and human resources of destination Community- based intermediary （ CBI ） Tourists and travel agencies Extra-CommunityCommunity Non-Tourist Stakeholders

11. Conclusions “Sustainable tourism” is defined as tourism that utilizes community resources for tourism development and then re-invests the returns from tourism to the destination resources. It was also pointed out that maintaining an effective relationship between community destination resources and extra-community stakeholders is the key to sustainable tourism Such an effective relationship demonstrates the continuous “circulation” and “control of flow” through a community-based intermediary.

12. Contact details Asami Shikida, Mami Yoda, Akiko Kino, and Masayuki Morishige of Hokkaido University, Japan HP:http://www.hokudai.ac.jp/en/ END