1. America Moves Toward War

2. Revised Neutrality Act 1939 “Cash and Carry” provision Allowed warring nations to buy U.S. arms as long as they paid cash and transported them in their own ships.

3. Axis Powers September 27, 1940 Germany, Italy, and Japan sign Tripartite Act – became known as Axis Powers. Aimed at keeping the U.S. out of the war – would have to fight a two ocean war.

4. Election of 1940 Roosevelt vs. Willkie Roosevelt won third term as President

5. Lend-Lease Plan President could lend or lease arms and other supplies to any country whose defense was vital to the United States. Passed in March of 1941 When Hitler broke his agreement with Stalin and attacked Russia, Roosevelt started lending supplies to the Soviet Union under this plan.

6. German Wolf Packs Groups of German U-boats that would attack supply ships Up to 40 U-boats would patrol and attack together at night. By 1943, not as dangerous b/c of new technology – radar

7. Atlantic Charter Agreement by Britain and America Both countries pledged the following: collective security, disarmament, self-determination, economic cooperation, and freedom of the seas. After German submarine fired on a U.S. destroyer, Roosevelt ordered navy commanders to shoot German submarines on sight.

8. Japan 1937, launched an attack on China Wanted to unite East Asia under Japanese control U.S. reacted by cutting off trade with Japan Japan could not operate without oil from the United States

9. Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 “A date which will live in infamy” More than 180 Japanese warplanes attacked the U.S. Naval Base in Hawaii. 2,403 killed, 1,178 injured 21 ships sunk or damaged, more than 300 aircraft damaged or destroyed. U.S. declared war on Japan; 3 days later Germany and Italy declared war on the U.S.