1. Managing The Classroom 1 Pertemuan 11 Matakuliah: E1122 - Psikologi Pendidikan Tahun: 2007

2. Bina Nusantara WHY CLASSROOMS NEED TO BE MANAGED EFFECTIVELY Effective classroom management maximizes children’s learning opportunities Experts in classroom management report that there has been a change in thinking about the best way to manage classrooms. The older view emphasized creating and applying rules to control student’s behavior. The newer view focuses more on student’s needs for nurturing relationships and opportunities for self-regulation

3. Bina Nusantara Management Issues in Elementary and Secondary School Classrooms In many elementary school, teachers face the challenge of managing the same 20 to 25 children for the entire day. In middle and high schools, teachers face the challenge of managing five or six different groups of 20 to 25 adolescents for about 50 minutes each day Elementary school students spend much more time with the same students in the small space of a single classrooms, and having to interact with the same people all day can breed feelings of confinement and boredom and other problems,

4. Bina Nusantara Secondary school teachers are more likely to be confronted with a wider range of problems than elementary school teachers. Also because secondary school teachers spend less time seeing students in the classroom, it can be more difficult for them to establish personal relationships with students. And teachers also have to get the classroom lesson moving quickly and manage time effectively, because class periods are to short Secondary school students’ problems can be more long-standing and more deeply ingrained, and therefore more difficult to modify. Also discipline problems are frequently more severe, the students being potentially more unruly and even dangerous.

5. Bina Nusantara Six characteristics that reflect a classroom’s complexity and potential for problem: Classrooms are multidimensional. Classroom are the setting for many activities, ranging form academic activities. Teachers have to keep records and keep students on a schedule. Work has to be assigned, monitored, collected, and evaluated Activities occur simultaneously. Many classroom activities occur simultaneously. One cluster of students might be writing at their desks, another might be discussing a story with the teacher, and so on Things happen quickly. Events often occur rapidly in classrooms and frequently require an immediate response. Six characteristics that reflect a classroom’s complexity and potential for problem: Classrooms are multidimensional. Classroom are the setting for many activities, ranging form academic activities. Teachers have to keep records and keep students on a schedule. Work has to be assigned, monitored, collected, and evaluated Activities occur simultaneously. Many classroom activities occur simultaneously. One cluster of students might be writing at their desks, another might be discussing a story with the teacher, and so on Things happen quickly. Events often occur rapidly in classrooms and frequently require an immediate response.

6. Bina Nusantara Events are often unpredictable. Even though you might carefully plan the day’s activities and be highly organized, events will occur that you never expect There is little privacy. Classroom are public places students observe how the teacher handles discipline problems, unexpected events, and frustrating circumstances Classroom have histories. Students have memories of what happened earlier in their classroom. They remember how the teacher handled a discipline problem earlier in the year, which students have gotten more previllages than other and whether the teacher abides by her promises. Events are often unpredictable. Even though you might carefully plan the day’s activities and be highly organized, events will occur that you never expect There is little privacy. Classroom are public places students observe how the teacher handles discipline problems, unexpected events, and frustrating circumstances Classroom have histories. Students have memories of what happened earlier in their classroom. They remember how the teacher handled a discipline problem earlier in the year, which students have gotten more previllages than other and whether the teacher abides by her promises.

7. Bina Nusantara One key to managing the complexity of the classroom is to make careful use of the first few days and weeks of school. You will want to use this time to (1) Communicate your rules and procedures to the class and get student cooperation in following them (2) get students to engage effectively in all learning activites

8. Bina Nusantara Establish expectations for behavior and resolve student uncertainties At the beginning of the school year, students will not be sure what to expect in your classroom. They might have expectations, based their experiences with other teachers, that are different from what your classroom will be like Make sure that students experience success In the first week of school, content activities and assignments should be designed to ensure that students succed Establish expectations for behavior and resolve student uncertainties At the beginning of the school year, students will not be sure what to expect in your classroom. They might have expectations, based their experiences with other teachers, that are different from what your classroom will be like Make sure that students experience success In the first week of school, content activities and assignments should be designed to ensure that students succed Strategies for a Good Beginning of the School Year

9. Bina Nusantara Be available and visible. Show your students that they can approach you when they need information. Move around the room, monitor students’ progress, and provide assistance when needed Be in change Even if you have stated your class rules and expectation clearly, some students will forget and others will test you to see if you are willing to enforce the rules, especially in the first several weeks of school Be available and visible. Show your students that they can approach you when they need information. Move around the room, monitor students’ progress, and provide assistance when needed Be in change Even if you have stated your class rules and expectation clearly, some students will forget and others will test you to see if you are willing to enforce the rules, especially in the first several weeks of school

10. Bina Nusantara Management Goals and Strategies Help students spend more time on learning and less time on Non – Goal – Directed Behavior. Effective classroom management will help you maximize your instructional time and your student’s learning time. Prevent students form developing problems. A well managed classroom not only fosters meaningful learning but also helps prevent academic and emotional problems from developing. Help students spend more time on learning and less time on Non – Goal – Directed Behavior. Effective classroom management will help you maximize your instructional time and your student’s learning time. Prevent students form developing problems. A well managed classroom not only fosters meaningful learning but also helps prevent academic and emotional problems from developing.