2. Phonics The link between sounds and how we write them. Phoneme = Spoken sound e.g. ‘e’ ‘j’ ‘m’ Grapheme = Written sound what the letters look like in written form e.g. (cheek)

3. Phonics in Reception Daily sessions (20 minutes) Assessed continuously Ability grouped (children may learn with other years later on in year) New individual sounds and actions taught daily Focus communicated weekly High frequency and tricky word lists will be sent home as children are ready

4. Phase 1 (Pre School) Having fun with sounds Listening carefully Developing their vocabulary Tuning into sounds Listening to and remembering sounds Talking about sounds Understanding that spoken words are made up of different sounds

5. Phase 1 (Seven different areas) Environmental sounds Instrumental sounds Body percussion Rhythm and rhyme including listening to and saying nursery rhymes Alliteration (words that begin with the same sound) Voice sounds Oral blending and segmenting

6. Phase 2 Children learn 19 letters Learning to blend and segment Reading some VC and CVC words Spelling Reading 2 syllable words and simple captions Read some high frequency “tricky” words

7. Soundtalk (blending) Vital skill for reading Children should already be hearing the initial sounds in words Separate sounds (phonemes) are spoken aloud, throughout each word, then they are merged together to sound the whole word. Merging is called ‘blending’. E.g. c-a-t = cat

8. Soundtalk (segmenting) Vital skill for spelling Whole words are spoken aloud, then broken into sounds through the whole word E.g. Cat = c-a-t

9. Tricky Words Children will learn several tricky words; those that cannot be sounded out. E.g. the to I go no

10. Articulation of phonemes (don’t add “uh”) Avoid saying fuh, luh, muh – it makes it hard for the children to blend. Some children struggle to pronounce certain sounds correctly – w instead of r (wabbit, lowwy), f instead of th (fick, fin) – please ensure that you model the correct pronunciation and correct when they get it wrong. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5J2Ddf_0Om8

11. Phase 3 Children should now be able to read CVC words independently Learn how to read digraphs. E.g ‘oa’ (as in boat) Begin to spell some tricky words and write phrases and sentences

12. How can you support? Sing alphabet songs Play ‘I Spy’ Magnetic letters Practise word lists Verbally make up sentences (using the word lists) When writing name labels for children or writing anything for them, please use lower case letters instead of capitals.

13. Useful Websites Phonics Play www.phonicsplay.co.uk ICT games www.ictgames.com/literacy.html BBC www.bbc.co.uk/schools/wordsandpictures/phonics/ Communication 4 all – useful charts www.communication4all.co.uk/http/PhonicsWeb.htm