1. 1 Stephen B. Young Global Executive Director The Caux Round Table HIGH PERFORMANCE GOVERNMENT The Way To Ethical Government Nairobi Oct 1, 2010

2. 2 The Choice for Africa: Either: High Performance Government Or: “Big Men- Small Boys” But Not Both At The Same Time

3. For High Performance Government Africa needs “GREAT” Men, Not just “big” men 3

4. A Big Man puts his EGO into Action A Great man puts the community into action 4

5. The Big Man speaks for himself; The Great Man speaks for many, for the ancestors, for the truth The Big Man is a problem; the Great Man is a blessing. 5

6. The Great Man is in touch with the truth, with honor, with integrity. He is a warrior for the people. He deserves respect. He can be trusted. The Big Man is really only a Small Man - afraid and cruel, more like a bandit on the prowl. He does not deserve respect. He can’t be trusted. 6

7. The Great Man seeks a great name among the nations for justice and right and wrong. He is paid with honor and respect and gratitude. The Big Man seeks to rent out the government for profit. He is paid in money. 7

8. A government of Big Men is a patrimonial government. It does not provide public goods - only private opportunities. A government of Great Men is a High Performance Government. It proudly provides public goods: security, education, public health, roads, bridges, banking and finance, economic development 8

9. High Performance Organizations 1- Lucid, shared vision of purpose of organization 2- Innovation – creative, responsive workforce 3 – Feedback loops – listening to customers and employees: constituents 4 – Goals – work is organized by clearly defined goals 5 – Leadership – strong and future oriented: ”us” not “me” 6 – Processes – spend time planning how to get better results 7 – Communicates – clear, frequent, honest 8 – Control – loose or tight depending on situation 9 – Teamwork – focus on interdependence and work at hand 10 – People – workers treated with dignity, integrity and respect 9

10. All 10 Criteria Depend on having a moral sense ethics, morality, integrity, transparency, accountability, trust Big Man can’t generate a moral sense in others because he has no true moral sense in himself. 10

11. Where Can You Find Common Moral Sense? Caux Round Table Principles Intersection of all major religions Starting Point for Greatness 11

12. Not African only; not European; not Christian only, not Muslim only Not this tribe or that tribe; not this country or that country 12

13. Common Moral Sense for High Performing Government: Public Office is a Public Trust Government is trustee; people are the beneficiaries 13

14. Government is service of others, not service of the self Governing is a duty not private property 14

15. Stewardship duties: Duty of Loyalty: work for something higher than self Duty of Due Care: use good judgment to get the best results No Room Here for a Big Man 1 Samuel 8 CRT Principles for Government 15

16. Caux Round Table Moral Government

17. Fundamental Truths Power is subject to abuse Public office is a public trust “Salus populi supremus lex - Cicero

18. From Normativity to Facticity (Jurgen Habermas)

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20. CRT PRINCIPLES FOR GOVERNMENTS Fundamental Principle 1.Public power is held in trust for the community. General Principles for Governments 1.Discourse ethics should guide application of public power. 2.The Civic Order shall serve all those who accept the responsibilities of citizenship. 3.Public Servants shall refrain from abuse of office, corruption and shall demonstrate high levels of personal integrity. 4.Security of persons, individual liberty and ownership of property are the foundation for individual justice. 5.Justice shall be provided. 6.General welfare contemplates improving the well-being of individual citizens. 7.Transparency of government ensures accountability. 8.Global cooperation advances national welfare. 12

21. Fundamental Principle: Public Power is held in Trust for the community Government is a moral enterprise: a “public” not a “private” thing –Kyosei/human dignity/stewardship The only premise for moral government is service of the people “The Sage has no interests of his own but takes the interest of the people as his own.” – Tao Te Ching No. 49

22. Officials are only temporary custodians of power; they have no personal entitlement to office Those who hold public office are accountable for their use of public power. The burden to prove their good faith and good conduct lies on them. The state is the servant and agent of higher ends. Governments that abuse their trust lose their authority

23. General Principle 1 Reasoned discourse charts the course for Moral Government Debate, dialogue, interaction, thoughtful argument, process and procedure set limits on the use of state power The ends of just government are not determined by a single will or the interests of only a few

24. General Principle 2 The civic order shall serve all those who accept the responsibilities of citizenship The state must avoid all measures – oppressive and other – that would transform the citizen into a subject The state shall protect, give legitimacy to, or restore those principles and institutions which sustain the moral integrity, self- respect and civic identity of the individual citizen

25. It is the responsibility of the state to foster the accumulation of social capital Social Capital makes justice possible Social Capital is –High levels of mutual trust –Education –Health –Cultural infrastructure (high sense of purpose and standards of excellence) –Social infrastructure (dense and active civil society) –Physical infrastructure

26. General Principle 3 Public servants shall refrain from abuse of office, corruption, and shall demonstrate high levels of personal integrity “The mind of the superior man is conversant with righteousness; the mind of the mean man is conversant with gain” – Confucius, The Analects, BK IV, Chpt XVI

27. Fiduciary principles of conduct guide pubic office No self-seeking in office Loyalty above all else to those who benefit from the public trust Use of reasonable due care to advance the interests of others

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29. General Principle 4 Security of persons, individual liberty, and ownership of property are the foundations for individual justice –Individuals are the building blocks of justice –The sovereign state must defend its territory and society –Human dignity can only come to life in the world through material objects like private property (facticity gives real presence to normativity)

30. General Principle 5 Justice Shall be Provided Those who seek to redress their wrongs incur no guilt. But great is the guilt of those who oppress their fellow men and conduct themselves with wickedness and injustice in the land. Woeful punishment awaits them. – The Koran, 42:35

31. Justice is due proportion, a balance of risks and return, of rights and responsibilities, of personal advantages coupled with contributions to the whole The great disturber of justice is abuse of power The Rule of Law provides disciplined structures of fairness and accountability

32. General Principle 6 General Welfare contemplates improving the well-being of individual citizens “The purpose of the magnanimous is to be found in procuring benefits for the world and eliminating its calamities.” – Mo Tzu, Universal Love (second essay)

33. The state shall nurture and support social institutions that foster the free self-development and self-regard of individual citizens. Well-being is not exclusively material. The state has a custodial responsibility to manage and conserve the material and other resources that sustain the present and future well-being of the community.

34. General Principle 7 Transparency of Government ensures accountability The civic order shall not act with excessive secrecy. “I hold the maxim no less applicable to public than to private affairs that honesty is always the best policy.” – George Washington, Farewell Address, Sept. 17, 1796 As trustees for the public good and agents of public purposes, public officials must always be ready to account for their actions Openness is necessary to facilitate discourse ethics shaping the use of pubic power

35. General Principle 8 Global cooperation advances national welfare Kyosei and human dignity do not stop at national boundaries Nations are to live in peace, refrain from aggression, respect international law, and employ international machinery and systems for the promotion of economic and social advancement

36. Moral Government does not happen; it must be made to happen “To see what is right and do not do it is want of courage – Confucius, The Analects, Bk. II, Chpt XXIV, 2 “We have met the enemy and he is us.” – Pogo Without personal leadership, moral government is only a dream

37. Moral Government and National Prosperity Moral Government  Social Capital  Economic Development –Prosperity begins with good public government –Prosperity thrives with good private governance

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