2. Detector Development in Helsinki Eudet/JRA2 NIKHEF Amsterdam4.-5.1.2006Risto Orava HIP & UH

3. Detector Laboratory:The domestic basis for research, education & technology transfer in high energy physics LEP/CERN  Tevatron/Fermilab  LHC&ILC Physics at the Energy Frontier Machines 84-01 02-07 (-09?) 01  HCAL & MVX GLUON ID HEAVY QUARKS SVX data analysis TOP-mass T2 GEM detectors T2 data analysis & trigger Leading proton detection TOTEM physics scenarios Coherent phenomena in particle physics

4. LEP/Delphi  Tevatron/CDF  LHC&ILC..Finland joins CERN...top & training for LHC...a core contribution! Hadron Calorimeter Microvertex Detector Gluon & Quark ID b-physics Coherent phenomena Searches 18 PhD’s (UH&HUT) 1 to come (L. Salmi -05) 30 MSc’s (UH&HUT) summer students technical trainees Experimental Lab Applications in: space research medical imaging industries SVX data analysis GRID rehearsal TOP mass - allhadronic TOP mass – dileptonic Currently: 2 PhD students 2 MSc students 3 technical trainees/yr Training for LHC GRID applications? 4 FTE ~100k€/yr GEM/T2 Si detectors Leading proton detect Forward physics Searches in: pp  p+X+p Currently: 9 PhD students 2 MSc students 3 summer students/yr GEM- and Si-detector applications Connection to nanotechnology 10 FTE ~200+100 k€/yr Grants from HIP, Academy & external foundations

5. manufacturing the sandwich structure for the readout board GEM foil in the oven for epoxy curing GEM frames after ultrasonic cleaning capacitance measurement of the readout board with a large area probe station leakage current measurements in desiccator boxes glueing the streched GEM foil The lab has started TOTEM T2 GEM production 3 GEM foils jointed together

6. Radiation detectors designed and tested in Detector Lab single wire proportional counters and GM counters streamer tubes a multiwire chamber with a PPAC preamplification stage plastic scintillation counters silicon PIN -diodes silicon strip detectors silicon drift detectors microstrip gas chambers (MSGC) gaseous electron multipliers (GEM) 3D silicon detectors aging phenomena in gaseous radiation detectors!

7. Basic Research Applied Research Education, Training HIP & University of Helsinki Technology Transfer Polytechnics VTT & Industries High Energy Physics Detector Development Projects

12. DETECTOR LABORATORY - FACILITIES Clean room, class 1000 Ultrasonic automatic wedge bonder (Kulicke-Soffa) with video monitoring Manual probe station LCR-meter (HP 4284A) Computer controlled measurement system for static detector analysis Precision detector alignment system for mechanical assembly of strip detectors, accuracy 5  m Printed circuit and electronics design tools Electronics design programs Visual scanning microscope Gas chromatograph with TCD, FID detectors, integrator and cryotrap sampling unit Gas chromatograph with mass spectrometer (HP G1800B) Vacuum gauge system (several gauges) X-ray devices Several NIM and VME crates with many data acquisition modules Automatic four-point resistivity meter station with Picoammeter and Electrometer PC-controllable gas mixer unit MALDI-TOF mass spectrometer Several high voltage units, counters, pulse generators, multichannel analyzers Vacuum metal evaporator (Edwards Auto 306) Excimer and nitrogen lasers

13. Gaseous radiation detectors proportional counters streamer tubes multistep multiwire chamber for beta particle imaging microstrip gas chambers study of ageing of gas filled radiation detectors

14. Ageing of gaseous detectors polymer deposits on anode and cathode surfaces created by large radiation doses; mechanism not well known depends on the purity of the gas mixture, on the materials used and on the electric field strength on electrodes gas analysis system based on sample concentration by cryotrap unit –purity level measurements of fill gases –analysis of outgassing products of construction materials –analysis of stable compounds created by electron avalanches –effect of additives to the chemistry of gaseous detectors aim: experimental data for ageing model

15. Semiconductor detectors diodes single sided silicon strip detectors (AC & DC) double sided silicon strip detectors (AC) single sided stereo angle strip detectors silicon drift chambers silicon drift chambers with integrated FET radiation hardness studies pixel detectors (Si & CdZnTe)

16. Figure: First 3-dimensional Si-detectors manufactured in Finland in cooperation with UH, HIP, VTT and CERN. - see Juha Kalliopuska’s presentation.

17. Inner tube for rf fitting Inch worm motor Emergency actuator Detector Space for cables and cooling link Space for encoder 6cm Microstation Note: A secondary vacuum is an option. Helsinki group

18. Timo Aaltonen (MSc), Artto Aurola (MSc), Erik Brucken (MSc), Peter Cwetanski (PhD), Markku Eräluoto (MSc), Francisco Garcia (PhD), Jouni Heino (MSc.eng), Timo Hilden (MSc), Matti Kalliokoski (MSc), Juha Kalliopuska (MSc), Kari Kurvinen (det phys), Rauno Lauhakangas (det phys), Petteri Mehtälä (MSc), Tuula Mäki (MSc), Elias Noschis (PhD), Fredrik Oljemark (MSc), Risto Orava (prof), Mikael Ottela (MSc), Nick van Remortel (post doc), Heimo Saarikko (prof), Laura Salmi (PhD), Tom Schulman (PhD), Kenneth Österberg (post doc) Staff & Students 2006: