1. Our Respiratory System By: Katriana Smith and Jared Murphy 3 rd Hour Ad. Bio

2. Nasal Passage The walls of the nasal passages are coated with respiratory mucous membranes, which contain innumerable tiny hair-like cells that move waves of mucus toward the throat. The olfactory membranes are located in a pair of clefts just under the bridge of the nose.

3. Oral Cavity The Oral cavity or Mouth is an alternative way for air to enter the respiratory system. The Pharynx or Throat collects incoming air from the nose and mouth and passes it downward to the trachea (windpipe). The Larynx or Voice Box contains two vocal cords. Air moving through the larynx creates voice sounds. The Trachea or Windpipe is the passage leading from the pharynx to the lungs.

4. Bronchi/Alvioli Bronchi & Bronchioles Two short tubes at the end of the Trachea that carries air into the lungs Alveoli The alveoli are the primary gas exchange units of the lung. To reach the blood, oxygen must diffuse through the thin cell wall of the alveoli. Air passes into the branchi, then into the bronchioles and finally into the alveoli. The human lung has about 7 million Alveoli. The alveoli are only 1 cell wall thick Find out more at the PowerPoint Getting Started Center (Click the arrow when in Slide Show mode)

5. The Lungs The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest. The lungs are covered by a thin tissue layer called the pleura. A thin layer of fluid acts as a lubricant allowing the lungs to slip smoothly as they expand and contract with each breath.

6. The Lungs The two lungs are not identical; the right lung has three lobes and the left lung has two lobes. This is because room must be made for the heart to rest in the area of the chest where the lungs meet.

7. The Heart The heart is the organ that supplies blood and oxygen to all parts of the body. The heart is located in the chest cavity just posterior to the breastbone, between the lungs and superior to the diaphragm. The heart is surrounded by a fluid filled sac called the pericardium. The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels. The circulatory system has a close interrelationship with the respiratory system.

8. The Diaphragm The diaphragm is the dome-shaped sheet of muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen. It is attached to the spine, ribs and sternum and is the main muscle of respiration, playing a very important role in the breathing process. When we breathe, the diaphragm is drawn downward until it is flat. At the same time, the muscles around the ribs pull them up like a hoop skirt. The chest, or thoracic, cavity becomes deeper and larger, making more air space. The two parts of the diaphragm are the peripheral muscular and central aponeurotic parts.

9. The Ribs The ribs encase and protect the chest cavity. Ensuring this protection, the rib cage is collectively made up of long, curved individual bones with joints to the spinal vertebrae. The human rib cage is made up of 24 bones; each are symmetrically paired on a right and left side. Of all 24 ribs, the first seven pairs are often labeled as "true." These bones are connected to the costal cartilage, while the five other "false" sets do not. Three of those connect to non-costal cartilage, and two are deemed to be "floating," which means they only connect to the spine.

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