2. CLASSIFICATION How We Group Organisms Page 22 – 26.

3. CLASSIFICATION -methods of grouping things according to similarities or differences. Ex. by size, color, age, etc.

4. Classifying organisms is called taxonomy. - started by Aristotle in 350 BC. Many disagreements about the groupings: -if they live in the air? -if they live in the sea? -if they live on land? Where to put frogs? Geese?

5. Today’s system is called binomial nomenclature (two-name naming) Ex. Canis lupus - created by Carolus Linnaeus. Ex. Canis familiaris

6. Latin was used by scientists and scholars in the 1700’s. -used today to avoid the confusion of using many different languages. Ex. Spanish moss - not Spanish - not moss Tillandia usneoides

7. The Latin names are an organism’s genus species – it’s scientific name. Canis familiaris Genus groupingSpecies grouping Always capitalized Always lower case. Most precise group “smallest” group Can produce offspring Both groups are italicized

8. Other examples: Felis domesticus Acer rubrum ‘red maple’ Homo sapiens sapiens Bison bison

10. CLASSIFICATION CATEGORIES -there are seven different levels of scientific classifications. -it becomes more exact/specific as you “move down”. Let’s use us as an example. Homo sapiens

11. KingdomAnimal PhylumChordate Class Mammal OrderPrimates FamilyHominidae GenusHomo Speciessapiens King Phillip cried out for goodness sake

12. ASSIGNMENT: WORKSHEET: “Classification”.

13. Six Kingdom Classification 1)Kingdom Animal -are multicellular. -can move from place to place. -cannot make their own food.

14. 2)Kingdom Plant -make their own food through photosynthesis. -can be multicellular (redwoods) or unicellular (plankton)

15. 3)Kingdom Fungi - can not make their own food. - absorb food from dead material. Ex. mushrooms, mold, yeast.

16. 4) Kingdom Protist -most are unicellular. - some have traits of both plants and animals.

17. Protist Examples 1) Euglena – can move but it has chloroplasts 2) Amoeba

18. 5) Kingdom Eubacteria Ex. strep, e-coli -prokaryotic

19. 6) Kingdom Archeabacteria - oldest kingdom – the first life on Earth. -also prokaryotic Ex. stromatolites

20. -are more primitive and can survive in harsh conditions.

21. These kingdoms were formed when Kingdom Monera was split into two.

22. ASSIGNMENT: WORKSHEET “CHAPTER REVIEW”