1. 1 PIRACY IN TANZANIA : T O P I C

2. 2 GROUP 2

3. 3 1. Background of the problem and historic overview. 2. The Dilemma of Piracy in Tanzania. 3. Analysis of the situation. 4. Prospects of combating piracy in Tanzania. 5. Conclusion/Recommendations. SCOPE OF DISCUSSION

4. 4 BACKGROUND AND HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

5. 5 BACKGROUND/HISTORICAL OVERVIEW Piracy consists of any of the following acts: (a)any illegal acts of violence or detention, or any act of depredation, committed for private ends by the crew or the passengers of a private ship or a private aircraft, and directed: (i) on the high seas, against another ship or aircraft, or against persons or property on board such ship or aircraft; (ii) against a ship, aircraft, persons or property in a place outside the jurisdiction of any State; (b)any act of voluntary participation in the operation of a ship or of an aircraft with knowledge of facts making it a pirate ship or aircraft; (c) any act inciting or of intentionally facilitating an act described in sub-paragraph (a) or (b).” Source: Article 101 of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)

6. 6 Map Showing Tanzania BACKGROUND/HISTORICAL OVERVIEW

7. 7 THE DILEMMA OF PIRACY IN TANZANIA

8. 8 Source: Piracy Reporting Centre. DILEMMA OF PIRACY IN TANZANIA - From year 2005 up to February 2009 seventy four (74) incidents of piracy were recorded in Tanzania. - All the incidents occurred at the Outer Anchorage of the port of Dar es Salaam. - In Tanzania the acts of piracy are very different from the other parts of the eastern Africa in terms of magnitude and gravity, whereby the acts involves petty pilferage on board the vessels mainly by using machetes and knives. - Always small group of people sneak into the ship and steal properties which can easily be carried by small vessels like dhows. - The incidents of piracy in Tanzania can not be termed as actual piracy but merely armed robbery, for the reason that they have never involved seizure/hijack of a ship or demand of ransom. Always the robbers steal whatever they find useful and run away.

9. 9 ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION

10. 10 ANALYSIS OF THE SITUATION The problem of piracy in Tanzania has so far not gone to the severe level. The people who are doing the acts at the ships, at outer anchorage usually are from the city of Dar es Salaam. They disguise themselves as fishermen while approaching the ships and climb into the ship without being spotted and steal any property they find. But the acts have been controlled by constant security patrol by using patrol boats. It is different and does not have connection with Somali piracy which involves hijacking of ships, taking crew as hostages and demanding of ransom for the release of the hijacked ship.

11. 11 PROSPECTS OF COMBATING PIRACY IN TANZANIA

12. 12 Map Showing the East Africa Region PROSPECTS OF COMBATING PIRACY IN TANZANIA Policy and legislative framework including: Review of existing legislation in the Tanzania so that international laws (conventions, treaties) can be domesticated, like the; UNCLOS. Djibouti Declaration. Eastern and Southern African IMO legislative and policy implementation. Also Human capacity building can be a great tool in combating piracy.

13. 13 CONCLUDING REMARKS

14. 14 The criminals who are involved in piracy in Tanzania groups have demonstrated a capacity to use the seas to attack the ship. These people need be controlled as they are most likely going to advance and hijack a ship as they only lack advanced weapons. They do not differ much with the pirates at the Somali coast as their main aim is to gain wealth through the acts. Laws are also supposed to accommodate and deal with the acts of piracy accordingly as there is a possibility that pirates in Tanzania may become more violent as they will use the acts to gain wealth The criminals who are involved in piracy in Tanzania groups have demonstrated a capacity to use the seas to attack the ship. These people need be controlled as they are most likely going to advance and hijack a ship as they only lack advanced weapons. They do not differ much with the pirates at the Somali coast as their main aim is to gain wealth through the acts. Laws are also supposed to accommodate and deal with the acts of piracy accordingly as there is a possibility that pirates in Tanzania may become more violent as they will use the acts to gain wealth

15. 15 - Strengthening capacity of Tanzania in fighting serious piracy, especially at the bordering areas of the Indian Ocean to combat acts of piracy in their Territorial Waters and Exclusive Economic Zones including: - Human capital capacity development. - Adequate investment in appropriate equipment and technologies to enhance maritime security. - Adequate logistics backup for sustainability. WAY FORWARD

16. 16