1. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk DATABASE CONCEPTS Understanding Databases Start …

2. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk ALL – MOST - SOME... ALL : Identify the basic components of a database MOST : Describe the difference between flat file and relational databases SOME : Explain how organisations use databases Next …

3. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk Click to explore more about the Databases … What is a Database? Database Components Flat File Databases Design a Database Thought board Thought board

4. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk WHAT IS A DATABASE..? A database is just a collection of data A simple database could be a computing text book Next …

5. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk WHAT IS A DATABASE..? Data about each topic is stored in the book The data is organised into chapters You can search for a topic using the content and index pages Next … Back …

6. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk WHAT IS A DATABASE..? Organisations have data that they need to store, collate and analyse 30 years ago this data would have been stored in a filing cabinet Next … Back …

7. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk WHAT IS A DATABASE..? Modern organisations use computer systems to store, collate and analyse data These systems are called Databases Explore … Back …

8. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk DATABASE COMPONENTS … Databases are made up from a series of components The main components are … Tables Records Fields Next …

9. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk DATABASE COMPONENTS … A database is made up of a series of Tables Tables are used to store data They are simple two-dimentional arrays with data stored in rows and columns Next … Back …

10. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk DATABASE COMPONENTS … SteveJonessteve.jones@gmail.com BillGatesbillgates@microsoft.com StephenHawkinsshawkins@gmail.com Next … Back …

11. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk DATABASE COMPONENTS … Each table in the database is given a unique name This helps the Database Management Software (DBMS) identify each table Next … Back …

12. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk DATABASE COMPONENTS … SteveJonessteve.jones@gmail.com BillGatesbillgates@microsoft.com StephenHawkinsshawkins@gmail.com tblContactDetails What do you notice about the table name used in this example? Next … Back …

13. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk DATABASE COMPONENTS … Each column in the table is given a unique name as well The columns are called Fields The names given to each column are called Field Names Can you think of suitable fields names for our database example? Next … Back …

14. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk DATABASE COMPONENTS … FirstNameSurnameEmail SteveJonessteve.jones@gmail.com BillGatesbillgates@microsoft.com StephenHawkinsshawkins@gmail.com tblContactDetails Next … Back …

15. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk DATABASE COMPONENTS … Each row in the table is called a Record Each record is given a unique ID number – normally generated by the computer This is known as the Key Field (or Primary Key) Why do you think each record needs a unique key field? Next … Back …

16. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk DATABASE COMPONENTS … FirstNameSurnameEmailKey SteveJonessteve.jones@gmail.com001 BillGatesbillgates@microsoft.com002 StephenHawkinsshawkins@gmail.com003 tblContactDetails Explore … Back …

17. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk FLAT FILE DATABASE … A Flat File data only has one table of data We could keep adding extra fields to the table to store more data Flat File databases can become slow to use as more data is added Next …

18. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk FLAT FILE DATABASE … Most databases have different tables that are linked together These are known as Relational Databases Next … Back …

19. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk FLAT FILE DATABASE … FirstNameSurnameEmailMobileTelephoneKey SteveJonessteve.jones@gmail. com 077651234560121 4568765001 BillGatesbillgates@microsof t.com 0786542345601455 587654002 StephenHawkinsshawkins@gmail.co m 077876543220116 5641234003 tblContactDetails This data could be stored in a different table Can you plan out the tables needed to split this data into differen t tables? Next … Back …

20. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk FLAT FILE DATABASE … FirstNameSurnameKey SteveJones001 BillGates002 StephenHawkins003 tblNames EmailMobileTelephonePersonKey steve.jones@g mail.com 077651234560121 4568765001004 billgates@micr osoft.com 0786542345601455 587654002005 shawkins@gm ail.com 077876543220116 5641234003006 tblContactDetails FK PK The FirstName and Surname fields have been kept in the original table This table is now called tblNames The FirstName and Surname fields have been kept in the original table This table is now called tblNames The Primary Key field in tblNames has not changed It stores a unique ID number for each person in the database The Primary Key field in tblNames has not changed It stores a unique ID number for each person in the database The Email, Mobile and Telephone fields have been moved into a new table called tblContactDetails A new Key Field for the tblContactDetails table is added A new field called Person is added to tblContactDetails This contains the ID number for each person in tblNames This field is called a Foreign Key A new field called Person is added to tblContactDetails This contains the ID number for each person in tblNames This field is called a Foreign Key Next … Back …

21. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk FLAT FILE DATABASE … A relationship is created between the two tables The relationship is from the Key Field in one table to the Foreign Key field in the second table The database is now a Relational Database Next … Back …

22. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk FLAT FILE DATABASE … tblNames tblContactDetails There is a One – to – Many relationship between tblNames and tblContactDetails One person in tblNames can have many contact details in tblContactDetails Explore … Back …

23. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk YOUR TURN … Suppose we are going to create a relational database of students and subjects The purpose of the database is to show what subjects are being studies by each student in your class Where will you start? What tables will you need? What field name will you need? Where will you start? What tables will you need? What field name will you need? Explore …

24. Copyright © it’sLearning 365. All rights reserved. www.itslearning365.co.uk THOUGHT BOARD … Explore … A database is just a collecti on of data Database key terms … Data Table Record Field Field Name Database key terms … Data Table Record Field Field Name Flat File and Relation al Database s