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AOHS/Conceptual Physics Heat 01a: Temperature, Internal Energy, Power.

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Presentation on theme: "AOHS/Conceptual Physics Heat 01a: Temperature, Internal Energy, Power."— Presentation transcript:

1 AOHS/Conceptual Physics Heat 01a: Temperature, Internal Energy, Power

2 What is Temperature? How hot or cold something is. The higher the temperature of an substance, the faster the motion of its molecules. – Temperature thus is a measure of average molecular kinetic energy.

3 What is Temperature? So what happens to the temperature of an object whose molecules… – Are not moving? Absolute Zero! There is zero molecular motion. How do we tell how hot something is? Thermometer Thermometers measure the magnitude of molecular kinetic energy.

4 What is Temperature? Most common temperature scales: – Kelvin – SI unit of measure for thermodynamic temperature – Fahrenheit – Celsius tutorvista.com

5 At-home Demo: DO THIS!! In a moment but not yet you are going to put one hand in cold water (glass with water and ice) and one hand in warm water (as warm as you can tolerate) for about 30 s. And then you’ll put both hands in room temp water. Before you do this PREDICT how your two hands will feel? Explain. Now conduct the demonstration. Heat is the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another because of a temperature difference. inmagine.com

6 At-home Demo: DO THIS!! Interpretation: – Curiously your cold hand felt warmer and your hot hand felt cooler. – Perhaps there was a ‘tingling’ sensation too; this may very well have been a bit uncomfortable. – This is due to your brain simultaneously trying to figure out if you are hot or cold. – ‘Two hands, different temps’ is a very unique experience so your brain ‘freaks’ a bit. inmagine.com

7 Which has more molecular kinetic energy? Iron pot of warm water? Or a cup of hot water? kalyanitea.com recipes.howstuffworks.com

8 The cup of HOT water! – Molecular KE is a reflection of temperature… period! – ‘HOW MUCH’ water there is is irrelevant! kalyanitea.comrecipes.howstuffworks.com

9 SUPER-MEGA-UBBER IMPORTANT: Heat – transfer of thermal energy! Which way is heat traveling (thermal energy flowing)? – A hand touching ice. From the hand to the ice. – How about touching fire? From the fire to hand. – Heat always flows from high thermal energy to low thermal energy!

10 What would happen if the divider between these two barriers were removed? They will come to thermal equilibrium: – When thermal energy stops flowing between two objects. What a thermometer does when measuring temperature… it comes into thermal equilibrium and presents to you the value … i.e. the temperature.

11 At-home Demo: DO THIS!! Fill one balloon with air and the other with water. Light a candle or use a lighter. Balloon filled with air Balloon filled with water Predict what will happen to each balloon when held over the flame THEN do it! faqs.org blogtown.portlandmercury.com

12 At-home Demo: DO THIS!! Fill one balloon with air and the other with water. Light a candle or use a lighter. Balloon filled with air Balloon filled with water Predict what will happen to each balloon when held over the flame THEN do it! – Balloon w/ air will pop and balloon w/ water will not pop; or at least last longer. What is the roll of water in the balloon? faqs.org blogtown.portlandmercury.com

13 At-home Demo: DO THIS!! Fill one balloon with air and the other with water. Light a candle or use a lighter. Balloon filled with air Balloon filled with water Predict what will happen to each balloon when held over the flame THEN do it! – Balloon w/ air will pop and balloon w/ water will not pop; or at least last longer. What is the roll of water in the balloon? – The water must some how store thermal energy. faqs.org blogtown.portlandmercury.com

14 This demo is a visualization of a substances internal energy! Internal energy – the total energy of all the molecules in a substance. Which balloon can gain more thermal energy? Explain. Which balloon increases in temperature more? Explain. Up to the point where the balloon with just air breaks, which gains more thermal energy? Explain. faqs.org blogtown.portlandmercury.com

15 This demo is a visualization of a substances internal energy! Internal energy – the total energy of all the molecules in a substance. Which balloon can gain more thermal energy? Explain. – The balloon w/ water can gain more thermal energy b/c water simply has more matter than air in the balloon. Which balloon increases in temperature more? Explain. – The balloon w/ air increases temperature more there is less matter to change the temperature of. Up to the point where the balloon with just air breaks, which gains more thermal energy? Explain. – Both air and water gain the SAME AMOUNT of thermal energy as each was held over the flame for the same amount of time. faqs.org blogtown.portlandmercury.com

16 FORMS of Internal energy: Rotational motion of molecules. Vibrational motion of molecules. Bond-stretching within molecules. Translational motion of molecules. faqs.org blogtown.portlandmercury.com

17 Internal Energy

18

19 Power.livestrong.com journeyfromfat2fit.wordpress.com

20 Power Recommended daily allowance of Calories: – Women: 2000 Calories = 8,368,000 J – Men: 2700 Calories = 11,296,800 J If 1 day = 86,400 s how much power could you generate in 1 day by eating a Big Mac Value Meal?

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