1. 특허청 무기화학팀
나노소재 기술의 산업화 동향
박 종 구
나노재료연구센터
한국과학기술연구원

2. Contents
 Introduction: Why Nanomaterials ?
 Commercialization of Nanomaterials
 Needs-oriented Commercialization of Nanomaterials
 Nanomaterials Market
 Summary

4. Structure of Nanotechnology
Nano-machining
(lithography)
Nano-devices
(nano-systems)
Bulk materials
Structural refinement
Lithography
Nanostructures
(nanomaterials)
Forming
Components with
nanostructures
Direct structuring
or direct patterning
Building blocks
(Nanopowders, nanotubes,
nanoplates, …)
Assembling,
growth,
deposition
Nanomanufacturing
Molecules
or atoms

5. Why Nanomaterials? : Mechanical Requirements
※ Microdrills for PCB (WC-Co)
0.1 mm
(100 mm)

6. Why Nanomaterials? : Designable Properties

7. Why Nanomaterials? : Novel properties
Giant magnetoresistance
Carbon nanomaterials
※ Carbon nanotubes :
- most tough
- most conductive
- high restorative
- metallic-to-insulative

8. 기술경쟁력 평가 종합 우리나라의 나노기술 수준 미국의 61.3%, 일본의 약 71%, 독일의 75% 기술분야 국가별 상대기술력1위 2위 3위 4위 5위 기타 국가 %
나노소재 미국
100 일본
97.4
독일3/5
(88.6)
중국3/5
(70.3) 한국
69.1
나노소자
88.5
독일7/9
(83.8)
71.8
중국5/9
(58.0)
나노바이오 및
의료 • 보건 독일
71.4
(63.4)
38.7
환경 및 에너지
99.6
85.4
75.4
나노기반
81.9
80.1
중국3/4
(49.0)
51.7
종합 경쟁력
(86.1)
(81.8)
한국 　
61.3

9. 논문발표 현황  우리나라는 논문발표 1위국 일본의 21.3%에 해당
대상 DB
▶SCOPUS, EBSCO
 우리나라는 논문발표 1위국 일본의 21.3%에 해당
 기술분야별: 나노기반 25.1%, 나노소재 23.6%, 자기조립 23.4%, 나노소자 21.8%, 나노바이오 20.5%, 환경 및 에너지 18.2%, 의료 및 보건 17.6%, 나노바이오시스템 14.5%

10. 특허출원 현황  주요 7개국의 특허출원 건수  기술분야별 특허출원 비율:
대상 DB
▶ STN의 WPINDEX
(2000~2004)
 주요 7개국의 특허출원 건수
1위 미국(100%) 2위 일본(48.3%), 3위 한국(23.9%), 4위 중국(18.9%), 5위 독일(16.2%)
 기술분야별 특허출원 비율:
환경 및 에너지 34.1%, 나노소재 29.2%, 나노바이오 시스템 24.2%, 나노바이오 23.3%, 나노기반 22.0%, 나노소자 19.6%, 의료 및 보건 15.0%

11. Commercialization of Nanomaterials Technology
- Prospects -

12. Challenges & Entrepreneurships !!! How to activate and motivate ?
Issues in Commercialization of Nanomaterials
 Process compatibility
- Compatible processes
- Easy and cheap processes
- Environmentally benign processes
 Properties compatibility (Product designs)
- Minor modifications for incorporating the improved properties
- Almost new designs for utilization of novel properties compatible to current product designs
- New designs for linking the novel properties to the new products
Challenges & Entrepreneurships !!!
How to activate and motivate ?

13. Matching process for Commercialization
* E. Maine and E. Garnsey: Research Policy, 35, 375 (2006)

14. Commercialization of Nanotechnology (Ex)
( BioNanotechnology Center, UK )
* The BioNanotechnology Centre is a UK government-funded but not for profit Q company.

15. Commercialization Steps of Nanotechnology
(Nanomaterials Technology)
Innovation
replacing the conventional functions
New Revolution
based on emerging technologies
High
Degree of maturity
Improvement
implemented into the conventional goods
New Industries
on the extended line of current industries
Low
…but are very clearly visible to the general public. These are nanotechnology’s iconic breakthroughs – the breakout successes that everyone is waiting for.
Products in this quadrant are more scarce than those in the other three. But they’re beginning to emerge, particularly in the field of healthcare and life sciences.
For example, there are a number of companies worldwide using nanoparticles for a new kind of cancer therapy that would destroy tumors from the inside;. here in the U.S., Triton Biosystems and Nanospectra Biosciences are developing technologies like these. But when it comes to human clinical trials, a German company called MagForce Nanotechnologies is most advanced. <CLICK>
Nano-enabled
Nano-dominated
Type of impact

16. From Improvement to New Revolution
Innovation
New industries
Improvement

17. Potent Applications Precision mechanics/ optics/analysis
Nanotechnology conquers markets
German Innovation Initiative for Nanotechnology
Precision mechanics/
optics/analysis
Sub 50 nm structuring
NEMS
Ultra-precision processing
X-ray optics
SPM nano-analysis
CNT-component materials
Diode laser
Chemistry/Materials
Magnetic fluidics
Functional coatings
Carbon nano-tubes
Nano-particle colloids
Energy/Environmental technology
Nanostructured hydrogen storage
Dye solar cells
Quantum dot solar cells
Nano-membranes
Drug delievery
Lab-on-a-chip systems
Bio-chip arrays
Medicine/Life science
Tissue engineering
Magnet hyperthermia with
Functionalized nanoparticles
Molecular cancer detection
X-ray contrast agents
Interference parts
Nano-particles for tyres
Automotive construction
Switched paints
Anti-reflection coatings
Nano-scale composite materials
Electrics/Information technology
Molecular electronics
Millipede
CNT-FED
GMR sensors
OLED
Spintronics
MRAM/FRAM
Discovery Research
Technical realization, prototypes
Application innovation
Distribution
Diffusion
10-15 years
5-10 years
0-5 years
Market readiness

18. Manufacturing and materials Healthcare and life sciences
Lux Research Expectations
on Nanotechnology Deployment by Sector
Household appliances
Manufacturing and materials
Catalysts
Coatings
Composite materials
Fabrics
Fuel cells
Lubricants
Metal
Aircraft
Automobiles
Clothing
Food
Lumber
Paper
Sporting goods
Electronics and IT
Embedded displays
Logic chips
Memory chips
Optical components
Sensors
Solar cells
Storage media
Computers
Consumer electronics
Hard drives
Healthcare and life sciences
Biological labels
Contrast media
Orthopedic materials
Dental equipment
Medical instruments
Pharmaceuticals
>10 years
2004
2009
2014
Intermediate products
> 1% of products in segment incorporate emerging nanotechnology
Final goods
> 10% of products in segment incorporate emerging nanotechnology
Source: October 2004 Lux Research Report “Sizing Nanotechnology’s Value Chain”

19. Commercialization of Nanomaterials Technology
- Needs-oriented -

20. Nanocatalysts for Environmental Applications

21. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2): Superhydrophilicity
Photocatalysts, Cosmetics, Sensors, etc
Anti-fogging (bathroom mirror, lens, outdoor windows)
(Tim Kemmitt)
* P. Gould: Nanotoday 1, 34 (2006)

22. Photocatalyst (nano-TiO2, water purification)
Photograph of the TFFBR* pilot plant installed at the site of a textile factory in Tunisia (Photo: D. Hufschmidt, University of Hannover).
* Thin-film-fixed-bed reactor

23. Electronic Devices Seen from Materials Scientists
Nano/micro-fabrication, materials, design
Thermal conductivity, heat sink (design & materials)
Performance
(Speed/capacity)
Heat
management
Electric power
Protection from
environment
Power consumption
※ External power supplier
Moisture (humidity), oxygen,
electromagnetic fields, mechanical impacts

24. Thermal Management in Devices (Trend)
Thermal resistance components in the design of contemporary and projected high performance electronic systems
(2003 International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors)

25. Impact of Material Properties on Cell Specific Energy
LiCoO2/graphite

26. Requirements in Coatings for Devices Applications
Important coating/substrate properties for technological applications

27. Applications of 1D Nanomaterials

28. 3D structure of Si for heat transfer enhancement
A Micro-channel for Efficient Heat Dissipation
3D structure of Si for heat transfer enhancement
(※ coated with CNT)

29. Electro-Magnetic Interference (EMI)
A media drive cartridge using antistatic plastics

30. Shielding Materials for Solving EMI Problems
Effect of different types of conductive fibres in polycarbonate

31. Relative H2O vapor permeability for the PUU nanocomposites
Barrier Properties of Nanocomposites (Example)
Relative H2O vapor permeability for the PUU nanocomposites
( : aspect ratio)

32. Nanomaterials Market

33. (Hitachi, Central Institute)
Prediction of Nanotechnology Market (2004)
(Hitachi, Central Institute)

34. Prediction of Nanomaterials Market (2006)
(Fuji Keizai, 2006)

35. Market Predictions (Nanomaterials, Fuji Keizai)
Metal-incorporated
fullerene
FC electrode
materials
2005
2010
Nanoparticles
(metallic)
Nanomagnetic
materials
1nm
Fullerene
10nm
Carbon nanotubes
(CNT)
Nanoglass
50nm
Photocatalysts
BMG
100nm
Carbon nanofibers
(CNF/GNF)
CNT
composites
Nanoparticles
(organic)
1mm 10
100
500
1000
2000
4000
(MY)

36. Consumer Products Incorporating Nanotechnology

37. Consumer Products by Type of Input

38. Global Share of NT Sales by Type of
Consumer Applications ( )

39. Market-shares of consumer product-related
nanoparticle manufacturers (2004)
* More than 225 companies

40. Commercial Goods Incorporating Nanomaterials

41. Commercial Goods Incorporating Nanomaterials

42. Commercialization of Nanotechnology (Korea, 2004)
※ 자료출처: 나노기술연감 2004 (총업체수=119개)

43. Large Corporations Embracing Nanotech
( Lux Research )
Large corporations are embracing nanotech. The median active corporation devotes 55 people and 5% of R&D spending, growing at double-digit rates

44. 나노기술 사업 모델 I M M’ A C B D A C D B 독립형 M C B A A’ C’ D’ B’ 연합형 (전략적 제휴)
종속형 (구속형, 협력형)

45. Current Trends in Nanotechnology
Scientific approaches
(curiosity)
Commerciali-zation (innovation)
Nanosciecne
Nanotechnology/nanoengineering
Individual approaches
Technological fusion
Intra-nano convergence
Inter-sector convergence
Focusing on nanophenomena
Technology assessment
Technology issues
Societal issues

46. Nanotechnology-based Fusion Technology
Intra-Nano Convergence (Interdisciplinary Convergence)
Curiosity-driven
Technology-driven
Improved
properties
New theories
Novel
properties
Inter-sector Convergence
Marketing-driven
Tech.
innovation
New products
New industries

47. Convergence Time Future of Nanotechnology Revolution Innovation
Nano-Eco
Revolution
Nano-Info
Nano-Bio
Convergence
Innovation
Nano-Micro
Within Nano
~1980
2005
2010
2025
Time

48. Summary
 Nanomaterial technology has been regarded to be one of key areas in the nanotechnology, providing a fundamental basis for realization of nanotechnology together with nano-fabrication.
 Nanomaterials are appearing in the forms of goods with remarkably improved performance. Current application of nanomaterials remains on the primary level which requires no major modification in the product design and usage.
 High level application of nanomaterials will be followed soon, because the large companies with global competitiveness eager to adapt nanotechnology for next business.