1. CHAPTER TEN Becoming an Effective Reader PowerPoint by Mary Dubbé Thomas Nelson Community College PART ONE Tone and Purpose 10 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

2. CHAPTER TEN In this chapter, you will learn to: Define the following terms: tone and purpose. Understand how tone is established. Identify subjective and objective tone words. 1 1 2 2 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.2 Chapter Outline and Learning Objectives 3 3

3. CHAPTER TEN Determine the general purpose in the main idea. Determine the primary purpose. Evaluate a passage for the use of irony. Apply tone and purpose to passages to improve comprehension. 4 4 5 5 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.3 6 6 7 7

4. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.4 TONE: The author’s attitude toward the topic. Define the following terms: tone and purpose. 1 1 Subjective Objective angry jokin g admiring factual impartial truthful

5. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.5 Define the following terms: tone and purpose. 1 1 Objective Tone Words are accurate, factual, impartial, matter-of- fact, straightforward, and truthful. Scientists say that global warming is contributing to our temperature changes. Impartial Unbiased Neutral (fact-based) Often formal Avoids I and You

6. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.6 Define the following terms: tone and purpose. 1 1 Words may be angry, bitter, or sarcastic. In contrast, they may also be admiring, approving, or happy. Global warming is a figment of everyone’s imagination. Scientists are contributing to a doomsday view in an attempt to garner funding. Personal Biased Emotional (conversational) Informal Uses I and You Subjective Tone

7. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.7 4 4 Author’s GENERAL Purpose Determine the general purpose in the main idea. The reason the author writes about a topic. To inform Writer uses facts to give instruction about a topic. To Persuade Writer combines facts with emotional appeal to sway a reader. To Entertain Writer intends to captivate or interest the audience.

8. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.8 4 4 Relay for Life is an overnight event designed to honor and celebrate cancer survivors and to raise money to fund research and programs of the American Cancer Society. During the event, teams of people gather to walk or run laps, keeping one team member on the track at all times. Language may be objective, matter-of-fact, and straightforward). Determine the general purpose in the main idea. To Inform

9. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.9 4 4 Come help us raise money to fight cancer. Stay up all night. Party with friends. Laugh. Cry. Dance. Walk. Give Hope. Fight Cancer. Make a difference! Join Relay for Life. –adapted from http://college.relayforlife.orghttp://college.relayfor Language may be argumentative, persuasive, forceful, controversial, positive, supportive, negative, and critical. Determine the general purpose in the main idea. To Persuade

10. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.10 Determine the general purpose in the main idea. 4 4 After my husband’s young golfing buddy endured many rounds of chemotherapy and radiation for lung cancer, he was shy about facing his friends with his bald head. As they watched him walk up to the first tee, they raised their caps in a cheer of welcome, revealing newly shaved, shiny bald heads. Language may be amusing, entertaining, lively, humorous, and suspenseful. To Entertain

11. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.11 4 4 Author’s PRIMARY Purpose Determine the general purpose in the main idea. The author’s main reason for writing the passage To inform to analyze to clarify to discuss to establish to explain To Persuade to argue for/against to criticize to convince to inspire To Entertain to amuse to delight to frighten

12. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.12 Determine the primary purpose. 5 5 Examples of Primary Purpose  To analyze scientific information about...  To delight the reader with a clever view about...  To convince the reader to...

13. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.13 Evaluate a passage for the use of irony. 6 6 VERBAL IRONY: The author’s words state one thing but imply the opposite. Recognize Irony Something rotten happens, and the victim exclaims, “Oh, great!” SITUATIONAL IRONY: The events of a situation differ from what is expected. A rookie, who is a walk-on, wins the award “Best Player of the Year”!

14. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.14 Let’s Review! Assess your comprehension of tone and purpose.

15. CHAPTER TEN 1. The effective reader understands that the tone of a passage is the _______. A. main idea that is conveyed to the reader about the passage B. sound of the words as the passage is read C. summary the author writes at the end D. author’s attitude toward the topic Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

16. CHAPTER TEN 1. The effective reader understands that the tone of a passage is the _______. A. main idea that is conveyed to the reader about the passage B. sound of the words as the passage is read C. summary the author writes at the end D. author’s attitude toward the topic 1 1 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Define the following terms: tone and purpose.

17. CHAPTER TEN 2. When deciding upon the general purpose of a passage, an effective reader knows to look for the _______. A. sequence of events B. signal words revealing the thought pattern C. main idea which reveals the author’s reason D. context clues in each paragraph Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

18. CHAPTER TEN 2. When deciding upon the general purpose of a passage, an effective reader knows to look for the _______. A. sequence of events B. signal words revealing the thought pattern C. main idea which reveals the author’s reason D. context clues in each paragraph 4 4 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Determine the general purpose in the main idea.

19. CHAPTER TEN 3. Understanding purpose is closely related to_______. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. A. understanding the context clues B. identifying the tone of the passage C. realizing the hidden meanings D. recognizing the supporting details

20. CHAPTER TEN 3. Understanding purpose is closely related to_______. Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. A. understanding the context clues B. identifying the tone of the passage C. realizing the hidden meanings D. recognizing the supporting details Understand how tone is established. 2 2

21. CHAPTER TEN 4. The author’s tone and purpose are established mostly with the _______. A. format of the written text B. choice of language the author uses to express ideas C. fluency and clarity of the author’s style of writing D. nature of the subject matter Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

22. CHAPTER TEN 4. The author’s tone and purpose are established mostly with the _______. A. format of the written text B. choice of language the author uses to express ideas C. fluency and clarity of the author’s style of writing D. nature of the subject matter 2 2 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Understand how tone is established.

23. CHAPTER TEN 5. Words that present facts and reasonable explanations are usually _______. A. subjective in tone B. biased and emotional C. objective in tone D. entertaining Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

24. CHAPTER TEN 5. Words that present facts and reasonable explanations are usually _______. A. subjective in tone B. biased and emotional C. objective in tone D. entertaining 3 3 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Identify subjective and objective tone words.

25. CHAPTER TEN 6.Feelings, judgments, or opinions are usually _______. A. subjective in tone B. persuasive C. ironic D. objective in tone Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

26. CHAPTER TEN 6.Feelings, judgments, or opinions are usually _______. A. subjective in tone B. persuasive C. ironic D. objective in tone 3 3 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Identify subjective and objective tone words.

27. CHAPTER TEN 7. All of the following words might be used to describe a subjective tone EXCEPT: _______. A. emotional B. neutral C. informal D. biased Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

28. CHAPTER TEN 7. All of the following words might be used to describe a subjective tone EXCEPT: _______. A. emotional B. neutral C. informal D. biased 3 3 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Identify subjective and objective tone words.

29. CHAPTER TEN 8. Irony occurs when the _______. A. events play out the way the reader expects B. events of a situation differ from what is expected C. author suggests a hidden meaning beyond what is revealed by the words D. author flashes back in time to a previous event Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

30. CHAPTER TEN 8. Irony occurs when the _______. A. events play out the way the reader expects B. events of a situation differ from what is expected C. author suggests a hidden meaning beyond what is revealed by the words D. author flashes back in time to a previous event 6 6 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Evaluale a passage for the use of irony.

31. CHAPTER TEN 9.Identify the purpose of the passage that begins with the following sentences: Our hands are host to germs and pathogens that can cause many illnesses. For example... A. to entertain B. to persuade C. to inform Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

32. CHAPTER TEN 9.Identify the purpose of the passage that begins with the following sentences: Our hands are host to germs and pathogens that can cause many illnesses. For example... A. to entertain B. to persuade C. to inform 5 5 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Determine the general purpose in the main idea.

33. CHAPTER TEN 10. Determine the author’s tone and primary purpose in the following example: T-Mobile creates a video clip of Nokia’s “Cowboy phone” fighting other cell phones. A. to provide information about T-Mobile’s services in a factual, straightforward way B. to provide an unbiased view of Nokia’s phone C. to entertain T-Mobile’s customers D. to persuade T-Mobile’s customers in an amusing way to buy the Nokia phone Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

34. CHAPTER TEN 10. Determine the author’s tone and primary purpose in the following example: T-Mobile creates a video clip of Nokia’s “Cowboy phone” fighting other cell phones. A. to provide information about T-Mobile’s services in a factual, straightforward way B. to provide an unbiased view of Nokia’s phone C. to entertain T-Mobile’s customers D. to persuade T-Mobile’s customers in an amusing way to buy the Nokia phone 7 7 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Apply tone and purpose to passages to improve comprehension.

35. CHAPTER TEN Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education Inc.35 For more practice, connect to www.myreadinglab.com.www.myreadinglab.com See page 456 of The Effective Reader, 3 rd edition, for specific activities related to Chapter 10.