1. Beef Quality Assurance Original Power Point Created by Dr. Fred Rayfield South Region GA Ag Ed Curriculum Office To accompany the Georgia Agriculture Curriculum Lesson 01432-3.3 July 2002

2. Impact of Non-Fed Beef Production n Sales of slaughter cows and bulls account for 15% - 20% of producer revenues. n Non - fed beef represents 19% - 20% of total U.S. beef production. n Ground beef, much of which comes from slaughter bulls and cows, accounts for 43% - 44% of all beef consumed in this country.

3. Factors Affecting Beef Market Revenues n Excess external carcass fat n Inadequate muscling n Disabled cattle n Hot iron and multiple branding n Rough handling n Excessive bruising n Excessive injection site reactions

4. Beef Quality Assurance Recommended Practices to Increase Beef Quality

5. Recommended Practices n Use animal health products properly. n Select the appropriate product. n Read and follow label directions. n Do not combine vaccines. n Store and mix vaccines properly. n Keep products mixed and cool during usage.

6. Recommended Practices n Mark and separate syringes n Restrain Animals Properly n Select the best route for the injection. Subcutaneous is the route of choice if allowed on the label. n Choose the best injection site.

7. Recommended Injection Sites n Keep all injections ahead of the shoulder. n Never inject into the rump especially the top. n A secondary site for intramuscular injections is the back of the thigh. Inject straight in, not from the side.

8. Correct Needle Size n Subcutaneous injections - 16 or 18 gauge needle, 1/2” or 3/4” inch length. n Intramuscular injections - 16 or 1 gauge needle, 1” to 1 1/2” inch length. n 14 gauge is not recommended.

9. Use Proper Injection Techniques n Subcutaneous - Tenting or at an angle n Intramuscular - Make sure needle is long enough to reach the muscle. n Do not administer more than 10cc in any one site. n Vary injection sites from day to day.

10. Practice Sanitation n Change needles frequently(10-15 uses) n Use disposable needles n Clean injection site n Discard bent or dirty needles n Do not put used needle back in bottle

11. Keep Vaccination Records n Identify animals n Follow withdrawal times n Record name, date, amount, and route of administration of any animal health product used n Beef industry can trace problem animals back to point of origin.

12. Our Responsibility n To produce a safe wholesome product for the consumer n Reduce and eliminate drug residues, injection site reactions, tissue damage and excessive bruising n Total industry approach to increase beef quality