3.  A church built along the pilgrimage road to Santiago de Campostela  Built to handle the large numbers of pilgrims: wide transepts, large ambulatory with radiating chapels  Cross-like ground plan

4.  Largest Romanesque tympanum  Christ as strict judge, dividing the world into those going to Heaven and those going to Hell  Dividing line runs vertically through the cross in the middle of the composition  Archangel Michael and devil weighing souls  Hell on the right, saved on the left -> enter church on right and exit saved on left  Subject of the tympanum reminds pilgrims of the point of their pilgrimage  Inscription on lintel: “O sinners, change your morals before you might face a cruel judgement”

5.  Massive heavy interior walls, unadorned  No clerestory  Barrel vaults in nave, reinforced by transverse arches

6.  Reliquary of a young girl martyred in the 4 th century  Relics of her body stolen from nearby town and enthroned at Conques  Jewels, gems, and crown added over the years by the faithful  Child’s skull is housed in the enlarged head

7.  Tapestry a misnomer, it’s an embroidery  Tells in Latin the story of William of Normandy’s conquest of England at the Battle of Hastings in 1066  Commissioned by Bishop Odo, the half-brother of William the Conqueror  230 feet long, follows narrative tradition going back to Trajan’s Column  Uncertain over how this was meant to be displayed

8.  Fanciful beasts in upper and lower registers  Starts with the death of King Edward the Confessor of England and ends with the death of King Harald with an arrow in the eye  75 scenes, over 600 people  Neutral background  Flatness of figures; no shadows

9. 2. Romanesque architecture is characterized by its A. Light and airy quality B. Massiveness and solidity C. Heavily decorated interiors D. Many window spaces

10. 4. The passageway that winds around an apse to direct crowds without disturbing ceremonies taking place in the apse is called A. Trumeau B. Tympanum C. Arcade D. Ambulatory

11. 6. A trumeau is located A. Between the doors of a portal B. Above the portal C. On the side doors of a portal D. On a capital

12. 8. What is the semicircle called?

13. 10. What is he doing?

14.  Portal sculpture more humanized  Emphasis on salvation and resurrection rather than judgement and fear  Figures still attached to the wall space, but are more three-dimensional  Body increasingly revealed beneath the drapery

15.  Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France, Gothic Europe, original construction 1145-1155, reconstructed 1194-1220, limestone, stained glass  Started in 1145; fire in 1194 forced reconstruction of everything except west façade  Dedicated to Mary; a Marian shrine  Importance of the church is reflected in the speed of construction – 26 years

16.  Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France, Gothic Europe, original construction 1145-1155, reconstructed 1194-1220, limestone, stained glass  West façade which survived the fire  Right spire is from 1160; left spire is late Gothic from 1507 – more elaborate and decorative  Rose window above portal  Portal called the royal portal

17.  Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France, Gothic Europe, original construction 1145-1155, reconstructed 1194-1220, limestone, stained glass  Royal portal of west façade -> depicts kings and queens from the Old Testament on the jamb sculptures  Romanesque figures which are flat against the surface -> upright, rigid, elongated figures reflect the vertical columns behind them  Central tympanum -> Christ as Judge of the World -> no menacing figures as at Conques  Three portals linked by lintel, and by 24 capitals that contain the life of Christ

18.  Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France, Gothic Europe, original construction 1145-1155, reconstructed 1194-1220, limestone, stained glass  Mary’s tunic worn at Jesus’ birth is its most sacred relic -> miraculously survived the fire and was seen as a signal to rebuild  Tall vertical nature of the interion -> pulls the eye upward  Recipe for Gothic architecture = groin vaults, rib vaulting, pointed arches, flying buttresses, walls of stained glass

19.  Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France, Gothic Europe, original construction 1145-1155, reconstructed 1194-1220, limestone, stained glass  “Our Lady of the Beautiful Window”  Mary is crowned as the Queen of Heaven with the Christ child in her lap  Light as a manifestation of the divine -> from God through church window into you  Part of lancet window  Framing angels on either side of the main scene

20.  Chartres Cathedral, Chartres, France, Gothic Europe, original construction 1145-1155, reconstructed 1194-1220, limestone, stained glass  Chevet = the east end of a Gothic church  Choir = a space in a church between the transept and the apse  Flying buttress = a stone arch and its pier that support a roof from a pillar outside the building  Lancet = a tall narrow window with a pointed arch, usually filled with stained glass  Rose window = circular stained glass window

21.   Dedication Page with Blanche of Castile and King Louis IX of France, from a Bible moralisee, c. 1226-1234, ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum   Moralized Bible = a Bible in which the Old and New Testament stories are paralled with one another in illustrations, text, and commentary   Top left – Blanche of Castile, mother and regent to the king   Top right – teenage King Louis IX   Luminosity of stained glass windows   Modeling is minimal

22. ,  Scenes from the Apocalypse, Gothic Europe, c. 1225-1245 C.E., illuminated manuscript, (ink, tempera, and gold leaf on vellum)   Eight medallions -> format derives from stained glass windows   Two vertical columns of four painted scenes   Each scene has a text with a summary of the event depicted in the roundel

23.   Röttgen Pietà, Late Medieval Europe, c. 1300-1325 C.E., Painted wood   An adachtbild = an image used for private contemplation and devotion   Pieta = a painting or sculpture of crucified Christ lying on the lap of a grieving Mary   Christ emaciated, drained of all blood, tissue, and muscle   Horror of the Crucifixion made manifest   Humanizing of religious themes

24.   Golden Haggadah: The Plagues of Egypt, Late Medieval Spain, c. 1320, illuminated manuscript (pigments and gold leaf on vellum)   Haggadah = literally means “narration”; specifically a book containing the story of Passover and the ritual of the Seder

25.   Golden Haggadah: Scenes of Liberation, Late Medieval Spain, c. 1320, illuminated manuscript (pigments and gold leaf on vellum)   Depicts the scenes of the liberation of the Israelites from Egypt including the parting of the Red Sea   Gold leaf background   Painted in the Barcelona area of Spain   Vellum pages

26.   Golden Haggadah: Preparation for Passover, Late Medieval Spain, c. 1320, illuminated manuscript (pigments and gold leaf on vellum)  Passover = an eight day Jewish festival that commemorates the exodus of the Jews from Egypt under the leadership of Moses  Seder = a ceremonial meal celebrated on the first two nights of Passover; marked by a reading of the Haggadah