2. Structure Continental drift Layers, Plates & Boundaries Evidence for Plate Tectonics Rock cycle

3.  Has 4 different layers  When earth cooled the dense, heavier materials sank to the center.  The lighter less dense materials rose to top

4.  Almost spherical or ball shaped  Not perfect circle  Flattened at poles slightly  Bulges at equator a bit

5. DIAMETER: NORTH TO SOUTH POLE12,664 Km DIAMETER: EQUATOR12,756 Km MASS5882 Sextillion metric tons LAND AREA 2 149 Million km2 WATER AREA361 Million km 2 AXIS OF TILT23.5 DEGREES REVOLUTION/ORBIT OF SUN365 DAYS, 5Hrs, 48 min,46s ROTATION OR SPIN ON AXIS23HRS, 56min, 4.1s DISTANCE FROM MOON (AVG)384,400 Km DISTANCE FROM SUN (AVG)149,573,900 Km

6.  The thin layer we live on  Made of the lightest materials: soil, granite & basalt rocks  3 to 31 miles thick  Two types of crust Made of oxygen, silicon, aluminum calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, & magnesium

7. Oceanic Denser Darker color Thinner (3-5 miles) younger Basalt Rock Continental Less dense Lighter color Thicker (5-30 miles ) Older Granite Rock

8.  The deepest part of the crust is under a continental mountain.  The crust is part of the lithosphere.

9. The crust & upper mantle of earth make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the “lithosphere”

10. Thickest layer of earth 1800 miles thick Hot very dense rock Upper part: rigid (part of lithosphere) Flows like asphalt in lower part 1600- 4000 degrees F Made of silicon, oxygen, Iron, magnesium

11.  A thin layer in the mantle –mostly solid rock, but a small amount is molten rock, called “magma” ….  This layer, moves the lithosphere’s (upper mantle & crust) rigid rocky plates.  The asthenosphere moves like hot thick oatmeal.

13. 1400 miles thick Mostly liquid melted iron & nickel metals 4000-9000 degrees F Creates earth’s magnetic field from the movement of the hot liquid

14.  Hot ball of solid iron & nickel 6000 degrees F  Is solid because of the great pressure of layers above it  780 miles thick