2. AP Biology Endocrine System Hormones Reproduction

3. Regents Biology Hormones Why are hormones needed?  chemical messages from one body part to cells in other parts of body  communication needed to coordinate whole body  maintaining homeostasis energy production growth development maturation reproduction growth hormones

4. Regents Biology Endocrine System Endocrine system releases hormones  glands which secrete chemical signals into blood chemicals cause changes in other parts of body slow, long-lasting response  growth hormones  sex hormones  response hormones  metabolism hormones  and more….

5. Regents Biology Regulation by chemical messengers axon endocrine gland receptor proteins target cell Neurotransmitters released by neurons Hormones release by endocrine glands receptor proteins hormone carried by blood neurotransmitter

6. Regents Biology Glands Pineal  melatonin Pituitary  many hormones: master gland Thyroid  thyroxine Adrenal  adrenaline Pancreas  insulin, glucagon Ovary  estrogen Testes  testosterone

7. Regents Biology Maintaining homeostasis high low hormone 1 lowers body condition hormone 2 gland specific body condition raises body condition gland Feedback

8. Regents Biology Negative Feedback Response to changed body condition  every time body is high or low from normal level a signal tells the body to make changes that will bring body back to normal level  once body is back to normal level, signal is turned off high hormone 1 lowers body condition gland specific body condition

9. Regents Biology Controlling Body Temperature high low nerve signals sweat nerve signals brain body temperature shiver brain dilates surface blood vessels constricts surface blood vessels Nervous System Control Feedback

10. Regents Biology liver pancreas liver Regulation of Blood Sugar blood sugar level (90mg/100ml) insulin body cells take up sugar from blood liver stores sugar reduces appetite glucagon pancreas liver releases sugar triggers hunger high low Feedback Endocrine System Control

11. Regents Biology Negative Feedback Negative feedback  every time body is high or low from normal level a signal tells the body to make changes that will bring body back body temperature control of blood sugar

12. AP Biology Any Questions??