2. Cellular Communication Hormones & Nerves

3. Title Date U3-11

4. Nerves Fast signals Don’t last Target’s a specific area cerebrum cerebellum spinal cord cervical nerves thoracic nerves lumbar nerves femoral nerve sciatic nerve tibial nerve

5. A Nerve Cell - Neuron dendrites cell body axon synapse Neuron – a nerve cell signal direction signal direction

6. Synapse Junction between nerve cells –1st cell releases chemical to trigger next cell (can be any cell) –this is where drugs affect nervous system

7. Regulation by chemical messengers axon target cell Neurotransmitters released by neurons receptor proteins neurotransmitter

8. Hormones Slow signals Last long term Target’s the whole organism

9. liver pancreas liver Regulation of Blood Sugar blood sugar level (90mg/100ml) insulin body cells take up sugar from blood liver stores sugar reduces appetite glucagon pancreas liver releases sugar triggers hunger high low Feedback Hormone Control

10. Reproductive Hormones Testosterone –from testes –sperm production & secondary sexual characteristics Estrogen –from ovaries –egg production, preparing uterus for fertilized egg & secondary sexual characteristics

11. Reproductive Hormones Large scale body changes –how do they work turn genes on Make new proteins

12. Regulation by chemical messengers endocrine gland receptor proteins target cell Hormones released by cells hormone carried by blood

13. How do we get different cells with different proteins within the body if they all have the same DNA?

14. Cell Specialization Cells get a chemical message from the environment or another cell. Receptor proteins pick it up. Turns genes on or off. This causes stem cells to differentiate.

15. Specialized Cells Visit the stations. Read the information. Look at the pictures and microscopes Fill in everything on both sheets. You may need the text book for some answers. They are due at the end of the class.