1. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Frequency of drive cycle observations in simulation studies Figure Legend:

2. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Acceleration and velocity ranges for six common drive cycles including complete-cycle averages. Lines represent bounding points while circles represent average data values for each cycle. Figure Legend:

3. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Pretransmission parallel HEV Figure Legend:

4. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Simulation design optimization results showing optimized observations of FE (mpg) for different increasing cycle inclusions. Observations shown for designed FE over all included cycles based on the respective objective function and city/highway formulation per cycle sets. Figure Legend:

5. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 P-value of data set comparisons for FE between optimized design sets. All values based on C/H FE comparisons. The city/highway p-values compare each cycle set with the two-cycle set, “Progressive” p-values compare between adjacent cycle sets. Figure Legend:

6. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Radial plot of mean FE on each cycle, separated by the number of cycles included in the optimization run Figure Legend:

7. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Optimized vehicle DV for each of the optimized cycle sets. Crosses represent mean values and range expresses +/−1 one standard deviation from the mean. Values are normalized to the searched design space range. P-values are relative to the two-cycle C/H optimized designs (e.g., comparison of cycle set 1&2, 2&3, 2&4, 2&5, 2&6). Figure Legend:

8. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Structural representation of transitional probability matrices Figure Legend:

9. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Convergence criteria for Markov cycles. Normalized FE versus optimization iterations (a) and cycle characteristics versus cycle duration (seconds) (b). Figure Legend:

10. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Box plot of FE on each drive cycle for the six-cycle set and Markov optimizations. Median, 25th and 75th‰, data range, and outliers are represented. Figure Legend:

11. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Overlay of engine torque and battery SOC over the UDDS for vehicles optimized over one cycle, six cycles, and using Markov cycles Figure Legend:

12. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Comparison of DV between Markov-cycle and six-cycle set optimized vehicles using box plots. Median, 25th and 75th‰, data range and outliers are represented. Figure Legend:

13. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Relative measured uncertainty in optimized designs for a variety of FE metrics compared among the six cycle sets and Markov-cycle optimized vehicles Figure Legend:

14. Date of download: 5/30/2016 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Analyzing Drive Cycles for Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation and Optimization J. Mech. Des. 2015;137(4):041401-041401-14. doi:10.1115/1.4029583 Comparison of optimized vehicle attributes Figure Legend: