1. Learning Objectives Today we will Learn: What is meant by a Hierarchical Database Management System Where such systems are used

2. Hierarchical Database Management System Hierarchical database models use a tree structure that links a number of seperate elements to one "owner," or "parent," primary record.

3. Hierarchical Database Management System For example, each individual person in a company may report to a given department Department EmployeeAssets Parent Record Secondary Records

4. Hierarchical Database Management System

5. Other Examples

6. Use of HDBMS Business reporting, e.g.: sales marketing management reporting business performance management (BPM) budgeting and forecasting

7. Hierarchical Database Management System - Disadvantages It can be a slow process to search data as large amounts of data are bypassed as you go down the levels. Department EmployeeAssets Parent Record Secondary Records This type of database structure relies on one to many relationships. A department can have many employees and assets but they can only belong to one department.

8. Hierarchical Database Management System - Advantages It allows easy addition and deletion of data. Data at the top of the Hierarchy is very fast to access Department EmployeeAssets Parent Record Secondary Records It relates well to anything that works through a one to many relationship e.g. natural hierarchies such as assembly plants and employee organization in corporations

9. Hierarchical Database Management System - Advantages Navigating among the records in a hierarchical database is very fast because the parent/child relationships are implemented with pointers from one data record to another Department EmployeeAssets Parent Record Secondary Records After finding the first record, the program does not have to search an index (or do a table scan) to find the next record