1. Chapter 6 The cultural geography of the United States

2. Chapter objectives 1. Name/list the different groups of people living in the United States and Canada 1. Name/list the different groups of people living in the United States and Canada 2. Identify factors that led to the rise and expansion of the United States and Canada. 2. Identify factors that led to the rise and expansion of the United States and Canada. 3. Discuss how religion, language and arts reflect the regions past. 3. Discuss how religion, language and arts reflect the regions past.

3. Section 1 Terms you need to be familiar with for section 1: Terms you need to be familiar with for section 1: Immigration Immigration Native American Native American Sunbelt Sunbelt Urbanization Urbanization Metropolitan Area Metropolitan Area Suburb Suburb Megalopolis Megalopolis Mobility Mobility

4. Population density Canada has a larger land area than the United States but has a smaller population Canada has a larger land area than the United States but has a smaller population Where do most Canadians live with regard to the United States? Why? Where do most Canadians live with regard to the United States? Why?

5. Areas of Population Most densely populated areas are: Most densely populated areas are: Great Lakes Great Lakes Northeast Northeast Pacific Coast Regions Pacific Coast Regions

6. Immigration Top 4 destinations for immigration in 1998: Top 4 destinations for immigration in 1998: 1. Los Angeles 1. Los Angeles 2. New York 2. New York 3. Miami 3. Miami 4. Chicago 4. Chicago

7. People of North America 1 st peoples to North America believed to be from Asia and are called Native Americans. 1 st peoples to North America believed to be from Asia and are called Native Americans. Reasons for immigration: Reasons for immigration: Political Political Religious Religious Economic Economic educational educational

8. Europeans Began to arrive by 1500’s Began to arrive by 1500’s Looking for farmland, valuable minerals and freedom Looking for farmland, valuable minerals and freedom Spanish colonized what is now the southwestern and southern United States Spanish colonized what is now the southwestern and southern United States English settled along the Atlantic Coast English settled along the Atlantic Coast French settled in the North looking for fur trade French settled in the North looking for fur trade

9. Questions What would be a reason(s) that would make you want to move to another country permanently? What would be a reason(s) that would make you want to move to another country permanently? What challenges do you think immigrants to the United States face? What challenges do you think immigrants to the United States face?

10. Important Cities Coastal: New Orleans, Miami, Houston, New York, Vancouver Coastal: New Orleans, Miami, Houston, New York, Vancouver Vancouver is the largest city in British Columbia and handles all the trade between Canada and Asia. Vancouver is the largest city in British Columbia and handles all the trade between Canada and Asia. Inland cities are important as well: located more along inland waterways such as rivers or large lakes: Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa, Detroit, Chicago, St. Louis, Pittsburgh, Dallas, Atlanta, Denver and San Antonio Inland cities are important as well: located more along inland waterways such as rivers or large lakes: Quebec, Montreal, Ottawa, Detroit, Chicago, St. Louis, Pittsburgh, Dallas, Atlanta, Denver and San Antonio

11. Population Growth Because the birth rates in Canada and the United States are low, most population growth comes from immigration. Because the birth rates in Canada and the United States are low, most population growth comes from immigration.

12. Why are large cities usually located near large bodies of water? Why are large cities usually located near large bodies of water?

13. Section 2: History and Government What was life like for the earliest American settlers? What was life like for the earliest American settlers? How did industrialization enable westward expansion and growth in the United States and Canada? How did industrialization enable westward expansion and growth in the United States and Canada? How are the governments of the United States and Canada similar? Different? How are the governments of the United States and Canada similar? Different?

14. Terms to know for section 2 1. Underground Railroad 1. Underground Railroad 2. republic 2. republic 3. dry farming 3. dry farming 4. Constitution 4. Constitution 5. Amendment 5. Amendment 6. Bill of Rights 6. Bill of Rights 7. cabinet 7. cabinet 8. dominion 8. dominion 9. Parliament 9. Parliament

15. President of United States chosen by electors, not direct popular vote President of United States chosen by electors, not direct popular vote

16. Native Americans Lifestyle was tied to the physical location and climate. Lifestyle was tied to the physical location and climate.

17. History Late 1700’s war fought and United States was formed… Late 1700’s war fought and United States was formed… 1867… Dominion of Canada formed. It was a self governing nation of the British Empire 1867… Dominion of Canada formed. It was a self governing nation of the British Empire By 1800’s US had expanded west to the Pacific Ocean; Canada expanded westward in the late 1800’s By 1800’s US had expanded west to the Pacific Ocean; Canada expanded westward in the late 1800’s

18. Fastest Growing Areas 1. South 1. South 2. Southwest including California 2. Southwest including California Most population centers lie on coastal areas where economies support growing populations Most population centers lie on coastal areas where economies support growing populations

19. Industrialization transformed US and Canada Industrialization transformed US and Canada How did the physical geography of the United States shape its expansion? How did the physical geography of the United States shape its expansion? Waterfalls of Northeast Waterfalls of Northeast Coal of midwest Coal of midwest Rivers and lakes throughout the central part of the country Rivers and lakes throughout the central part of the country Fertile farmland in south and midwest Fertile farmland in south and midwest

20. Cotton increased in demand therefore increasing the slave labor force in the south. This led eventually to the Civil War fought from 1861-1865. Cotton increased in demand therefore increasing the slave labor force in the south. This led eventually to the Civil War fought from 1861-1865. Completion of the transcontinental railroad led to increased western settlement. The building of the railroad led to an increase in immigrant labor. Completion of the transcontinental railroad led to increased western settlement. The building of the railroad led to an increase in immigrant labor.

21. Government United States: democratic republic with a federal system of government. Powers are shared between national and state gov’ts. The US plan of government is the Constitution which was written in 1787. Amendments have been made according to needs over the past 200 years.

22. Government 3 branches of government: 3 branches of government: 1. legislative— congress 1. legislative— congress 2. judicial– supreme court 2. judicial– supreme court 3. executive– president and cabinet 3. executive– president and cabinet

23. Government-- Canada Canada is a parliamentary democracy with a federal system. The British monarch is the ceremonial head of state but has no real political or lawmaking power.

24. Government Prime Minister– heads the majority party in Parliament is the actual head of state in Canada. Prime Minister– heads the majority party in Parliament is the actual head of state in Canada. President in United States= Prime Minister in Canada President in United States= Prime Minister in Canada Congress in United States= Parliament in Canada Congress in United States= Parliament in Canada Canada gained its independence from Great Britain in 1931. Canada gained its independence from Great Britain in 1931.

25. Section 3: Cultures and Lifestyles Objectives: How do the religious practices and languages of the region reflect the immigrant history of the United States and Canada? Objectives: How do the religious practices and languages of the region reflect the immigrant history of the United States and Canada? Identify the types of education and health care systems that serve the people of the region. Identify the types of education and health care systems that serve the people of the region.

26. Terms for section 3 1. bilingual 1. bilingual 2.jazz 2.jazz 3. socioeconomic class 3. socioeconomic class 4. literacy rate 4. literacy rate 5. patriotism 5. patriotism

27. US and Canada are pluralistic societies: they have many different religions and belief systems. US and Canada are pluralistic societies: they have many different religions and belief systems.

28. Cultural Characteristics 1. freedom of religion 1. freedom of religion 2. language- English and French are the official languages 2. language- English and French are the official languages 3. government representative of the people 3. government representative of the people 4. foods that are reflective of the various ethnicities that call these countries home. 4. foods that are reflective of the various ethnicities that call these countries home.

29. Arts: Music: Many different styles of music exist in both countries…. Jazz is a distinctly American form of music that originated in New Orleans Music: Many different styles of music exist in both countries…. Jazz is a distinctly American form of music that originated in New Orleans Visual Arts: many forms of visual arts are part of American and Canadian society based on the heritage of the population Visual Arts: many forms of visual arts are part of American and Canadian society based on the heritage of the population

30. The United States is the birthplace of the musical that originated on Broadway in New York City…. The United States is the birthplace of the musical that originated on Broadway in New York City….

31. Lifestyle Canada and US are 2 of worlds wealthiest nations Canada and US are 2 of worlds wealthiest nations High standard of living in both High standard of living in both

32. Health Care Canada: Government pays for health care for all citizens Canada: Government pays for health care for all citizens United States: people pay for their own health care…. US health care system under debate United States: people pay for their own health care…. US health care system under debate

33. Education School is mandatory in both countries School is mandatory in both countries Both have public and private educational institutions Both have public and private educational institutions Both have at least a 95% literacy rate Both have at least a 95% literacy rate

34. Celebrations/Holidays Many of the same holidays are celebrated in both countries. Many of the same holidays are celebrated in both countries. Independence Day is celebrated on different days in each country depending on when their independence took place. Independence Day is celebrated on different days in each country depending on when their independence took place.