1. FP420 Low and high voltage supply Henning E. Larsen, INFN Henning.e.larsen@gmail.com Feb. 2007

2. HV-LV supply segmentation Damage depends on distance from the beam. Required bias voltage and current increase with radiation dose. Drawing: From Ray Thompson PT1000 Temperature sensor? Pixels:50x400um and 400x50um MCC: Module Controller Chip 1 Superlayer = 2 Hybrids/Blades 4 2D detectors 1 MCC 1 Read-out interface Now only 2 det. not 3 as shown

3. Specification for LV for 1 superlayer PixChips/4VoltageCurrentCurrent limit Analog1.6-2.0V Nom 2V 5-70mA100mA Digital1.5-2.5V Nom 2V 1% occupancy: 40-50mA 10% occupancy: 60-70mA 100mA MCC/1VoltageCurrentCurrent limit Digital1.8-2.5V120mA-150mA170mA Ripple at 1MHz is critical. Remote on/off. Monitor current. Digital supply for Pixelchip and MCC is common as seen from supply. 4 PixChips + 1 MCC + Read-out? VoltageCurrentCurrent limit Analog1.6-2.0V20-280mA310mA Digital1.8-2.5V1% occ 280mA-350mA 10% occ 360mA-430mA 480mA Monitor resolution<20mV<10mA

4. Specification for HV supply for one superlayer 4 detectors 2 voltages VoltageCurrentCurrent limit -10-120V<1mA1mA Monitor Resolution <1V1μA Voltage is negative, but floating. Referenced to AVDD on PIXELCHIP, not GND HV connection diagram used in Atlas Source: Maurice Garcia-Sciveres

5. Location for service electronics Until today we suppose: If the LV electronics should stay within some 20m from the detectors, there are only two possible locations (ref Daniela Macina): –Below the new cryostat, where the radiation level is estimated at about 700 Gy per year of running at full luminosity; –Below or near the adjacent magnets, where the radiation is much lower and estimated at about 15 Gy per year, but where there are already other things. Space for service electronics. Few meters of cable Radiation level? Shielding possibility? Space for electronics needing close proximity to detectors FP420 detectors Space for HV LV under adjacent magnets: Height available=400mm

6. Solution options for HV and LV Commercial –Caen –Wiener –Eplax Home-made

7. CMS/Atlas counting room Commercial: Caen SY1527 A1676A Crate Ctl A1676A Crate Ctl A3486 2x48V Power A3486 2x48V Power Atlas or CMS Slow control EASY 3000 A3009 12ch LV A3009 12ch LV A3009 12ch LV A3009 12ch LV A3009 12ch LV EASY 3000 A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV FP420 pocket FP420 pocket FP420 pocket FP420 pocket FP420 pocket LHC Tunnel EASY 3000 A3009 12ch LV A3009 12ch LV A3009 12ch LV A3009 12ch LV A3009 12ch LV EASY 3000 A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV A3501 12ch HV FP420 pocket FP420 pocket FP420 pocket FP420 pocket FP420 pocket Cryostat 1Cryostat 2

8. Commercial: Caen A3009 LV A3501 HV A3009 LV A3501 HV A3486 48V Power Modules Delivery not possible before summer 2008 due to LHC production bottle neck. Only few samples by mid 2007. CAN bus link over 500++m require slow down to 250kbit/s. This is not yet tested but should be ok. Requires modification of firmware: High voltage only up to 120V (requires modification from 100V nominal) Cable: 500m

9. Commercial: Caen, pictures SY1527 EASY 3000 Not to scale A3009 A3501 A3486 Counting room Rad exposed

10. The TSL beam The TSL (Theodore Svedberg Laboratory) is located at the Uppsala University. It is a cyclotron, providing protons (up to 180 MeV) or Ions (up to 1.24 GeV). We used a proton beam of 159 MeV energy, with a fluence of 6 x 10 7 p/(cm 2 s). The horizontal profile of the beam is shown on side. Its width is 20 cm at 80% fluence, allowing the irradiation of a whole 6U distributor. From: Agostino Lanza (INFN-PAVIA) http://www.pv.infn.it/~servel/atlas/hv/hv_sys/index.html

11. Caen: A3009 LV supply radition test results A3009 Used by ATLAS RPC and LVL1, plus CMS and others 1.TSL Upsala, May 2006. 159 MeV proton synchrotron 1.By: Cern Electronics Pool (Allongue, Anghinolfi and Fontaine), by Passuello from Caen and Agostino Lanza (INFN-PAVIA) 2.Tested to 140Gy or 2x10 11 p/cm 2 with results: One unplugged events solved with remote hardware reset. One fake trip (non shown on the monitored loads), solved with a remote "clear alarm”. No reports about gamma test. Has been certified for ATLAS.

12. Caen: A3486, 400 Vac tri-phase – 48 Vdc converter A3486 is used many places in ATLAS RPC and LVL1, plus CMS. Unit is a common unit for supplying all the Axxxx type converter boards throughout Cern TSL Upsala, May 2006. 159 MeV proton synchrotron –By: Cern Electronics Pool (Allongue, Anghinolfi and Fontaine), by Passuello from Caen and Agostino Lanza (INFN-PAVIA) –Tested to 140Gy or 2x1011 p/cm2 with results: –One undervoltage on the second channel,solved with a recovery reset. Looking for reports about gamma test. Has been certified for ATLAS.

13. A3501 has not been radition tested. It is said by CAEN to be largely equivalent to A3540 (12x4KV). Test results for A3540 are as follows: 1.Casaccia, Jan. 2006: CO-60 source, named “Calliope” in the ENEA-Casaccia Monitor showed undervoltages after 54 GY, but without any inconvenient to the outputs. During the interval between the two periods, the controller board was replaced with a new one, but again after 73 minutes (60 Gy) from the beginning of the second period it started showing undervoltages. After 134 Gy, channels started to fail. The last channel to die was ch 1, which lasted 239 minutes (165 Gy). Information from: http://www.pv.infn.it/~servel/atlas/hv/hv_sys/casaccia_report.ppt http://www.pv.infn.it/~servel/atlas/hv/hv_sys/casaccia_report.ppt 2.Casaccia, March 2006: CO-60 source Localized the problems from Jan 2006 to the controller boards (EEPROM´S). Replaced by new type (Renesa) => up to 200Gy with only soft-errors which can be recovered by remote operation. Approved for Atlas. 3.TSL, Uppsala Jan. 2006: 159 MeV proton synchrotron, fluence of 6 x 10^7 p/(cm2s). All 12 channels of the A3540 died below the 140 Gy limit, as expected from the previous Casaccia test. Information from: http://www.pv.infn.it/~servel/atlas/hv/hv_sys/index.htmlhttp://www.pv.infn.it/~servel/atlas/hv/hv_sys/index.html A3501 HV supply radition test results

14. Caen solution: count of HV+LV tunnel items One pocket is: –5 Super layers = 10 HV + 10 LV –One A3501 + one A3009 = 2+4 slot = 6 slots in an EASY3000 crate Concluding: –1 to 3 pockets = one EASY3000 crate+one A3486 AC/DC crate –3 to 6 pockets = two EASY3000 cartescrate+one A3486 AC/DC crate

15. Notes Cable length to counting room is like 500m for CMS. Still missing numbers from Atlas. Caen communication using CAN bus over this distance is not tested but should work at slow speed, 250kbit/s. Pocket counts is important No provision for temperature monitor of front end!

16. Commercial: Wiener solution A 2x4 Mpod-like systems (8U,19” each) will be arranged to provide the requested voltages over 500 m distance, Located in the counting rooms and will host both HV and LV modules. 2 cable pipes with 10 cm section (or probably less) are needed. The Mpod will require custom -120V modules.. 4*2 Mpods with 80ch each. Location: Counting room Mpod x 8 Now only 2 HV

17. Commercial: Wiener solution B 2x10 Maraton-like radiation tolerant systems (3U) will provide LV and operate close to the detectors. 2x2 Mpod-like devices will supply HV from the counting rooms. This solution requires a customization of Maraton in order to optimize it for low currents. The Mpod will require custom -120V modules. LV: One crate per pocket Mpod x 2 x 5 LV: One crate per pocket HV: One per cryostat 1 Maraton Now only 2 HV x 5

18. Commercial: Wiener solution C 2x22 Maraton-like system will provide HV and LV and operate close to the detectors. Simple cable These systems will be optimized for the given current range. Need customization for -120V modules Proven radition tolerance: 722Gy, 8 10 12 n/cm 2 1 Maraton 2.2 crates per pocket H=3U=131mm 1 Maraton 2.2 crates per pocket x 11 Now only 2 HV

19. Power calculations

20. Conclusions Suggest putting the LV/HV crates under the adjacent magnets. Room has been reserved (almost). Caen solution is an all-in-tunnel solution with short HV-LV cables. No long bulky noise suceptible cables to put. Caen commercial solution is ok up to 140Gy for 2 out of 3 modules (Atlas certified) but: Caen A3501 (HV) need to be tested for radiation tolerance. There are no specific rad results available. Only results are based on its equivalence to A3540 (Atlas HV) Some customization are needed –CAN modules –A3501 (HV) Number of superlayers per station is interesting for the required number of crates Caen and Wiener solution has no provision for temperature monitor of front end! Wiener solution is spec’d to be radiation tolerant to 700Gy which is greater than we actually need.