1. Data Analysis Examples

2. How are Native Americans referred to in the treaties? Example 1

3. Most Common Words – Row Structure

4. Most Common Words Organic Structure

5. Indians Nation Nations Tribes United States President PARTIES AGREE Indian Nation

6. Identifying the Current Conditions of Native American Nations There are 567 federally recognized nations  American Indians  Alaska Natives  Native Hawaiians National Congress of American Indians (n.d.). An Introduction to Indian Nations in the United States. Retrieved from http://www.ncai.org/about-tribes/indians_101.pdf, p.2-9 Federal Register. (May 4, 2016). Bureau of Indian Affairs of the US Department of Interior, Indian Entities Recognized and Eligible To Receive Services From the United States Bureau of Indian Affairs, Vol. 81, No. 86. Retrieved from https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2016-05-04/pdf/2016-10408.pdf

7. Identifying the Current Conditions of Native American Nations “ This possibility may be better understood by referring to the political enteties of Monaco or Vatican City, which are domestic soverign nations that continue to exercise dominion over their lands within the borders of a larger soverign.” Reference: Shown Harjo, S. (2014). Nation to Nation: Treaties Between the United States and American Indian Nations. Washington D.C.: National Museum of American Indian, p.34 Wikipedia. (20 April 2016). Western Shoshone. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Shoshone The Western Shoshone have issued their own passports since 1982

8. Example 2 What is established in the treaties?

9. All Words: CLOTH

10. Leon Shenandoah Tadodaho, Chief of the Six Nations, holds cloth that the United States government delivers each year to maintain the Treaty of Canandaigua, 1794 Reference: http://www.dyarrow.org/indige nous/leon.htm Image and text: Shown Harjo, S. (2014). Nation to Nation: Treaties Between the United States and American Indian Nations. Washington D.C.: National Museum of American Indian, p.58. Text: Jemison, JGP. (n.d.). Book Review: Treaty of Canadaigua 1794 200 Years of Treaty Relations Between the Iroquois Confederacy and the United States. New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/j/jemison-treaty.html Identifying the Current Conditions of Native American Nations “…treaty cloth still arrives by United Parcel Service to our territories during the fall of each year. This has been ongoing since 1794, although the cloth has gone from bolts of calico to unbleached cotton and now to inexpensive muslin.”

11. Example 3 Which type of pressures did the Native American Nations receive when they signed the treaties?

12. L Some pressure was received when they were vulnerable before the winter

13. Identifying the Current Conditions of Native American Nations “Over the last 45 years, there have been 1,000 atomic explosions on Western Shoshone land in Nevada, making the Western Shoshone the most bombed nation on earth.” R esource of text: Laduke, W. (1999). All Our Relations. Native Struggles for Land and Life. Cambridge, MA: South End Press, p.3 Image of map: Wikipedia. (20 April 2016). Western Shoshone. Retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Shoshone Image and information of author: Honor the Earth. Retrieved from http://www.honorearth.org/speaking_engagements Winona Laduke 2007 - National Women’s Hall of Fame 1994 - nominated by Time magazine as one of America’s fifty most promising leaders under forty years of age

14. Example 4 Which rights are established in the treaties?

15. L All Words: FISH

16. L Nations & Treaties Lumni Nation

17. Lummi Nation has close to 5,000 members and is one of the largest tribal fishing fleets in the country Text: Corps: Coal terminal violates tribal rights, won't permit, Retrived from http://dnews.com/news_ap/washington/corps-coal-terminal-violates-tribal-rights-won-t- permit/article_a18438c3-5f5d-538b-b07e-725ee03eaa2c.html Image: Retrieved from Coal Train Facts, http://www.coaltrainfacts.org/lummi-nation-xwechiexen-cherry-point-gathering Identifying the Current Conditions of Native American Nations TREATY WITH THE DWAMISH, SUQUAMISH, ETC., 1855 The right of taking fish at usual and accustomed grounds… Largest coal-export terminal is denied permit because it violates treaty-protected fishing rights of the Lumni Nation May 10, 2016

18. Conclusion Data analysis and visualization diagrams which represent historical treaties facilitate the identification of concepts that may help understand the current conditions of Native American Nations

19. Conclusion The Digital Humanities field also helps reveal underlying social & cultural structures that continue to resonate in our post colonial age

20. L Oklahoma State University LINK http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/tocyr.htm Tableau Public LINK http://tabsoft.co/1TU1Dup

21. Thank you!