1. © Behavioural Insights ltd www.behaviouralinsights.co.uk David Halpern CEO, BIT National Advisor on What Works BI and ‘What Works’

2. © Behavioural Insights ltd An everyday nudge…

3. © Behavioural Insights ltd Most policy concerns behaviour…

4. © Behavioural Insights ltd David Cameron Prime Minister Lord O’Donnell Chair of Academic Advisory Panel Sir Jeremy Heywood Cabinet Secretary and Head of Steering Board Behavioural Insights Team Dr. David Halpern (Chief Executive) Owain Service (Managing Director) Dr. Rory Gallagher (Director, International) Academic Advisory Panel Richard Thaler (Chicago) Peter Tufano (Oxford) Theresa Marteau (Cambridge) Peter John (UCL) Maurice Birlotti (UCL) Nick Chater (Warwick) Dan Goldstein (LBS)

5. © Behavioural Insights ltd Nine out of ten people pay their tax on time.

6. © Behavioural Insights ltd Social norms to increase tax payment rates within 23 days (1 month)

7. © Behavioural Insights ltd Loss-frame People with large debts react differently Behavioural segmentation: which messages are most effective for who? Tax debt of more than £30,000

8. © Behavioural Insights ltd Participation in workplace pensions Auto- enrolment led to more than 1million new savers in less than a year – and especially the young

9. © Behavioural Insights ltd Changing SMS reminder messages can reduce missed hospital appointments by a third 50,000 missed appointments in one NHS trust in a year % of patients missing appointments

10. © Behavioural Insights ltd Field meets lab: getting people back to work

11. © Behavioural Insights ltd Job centres: % off benefits at 13 weeks

12. © Behavioural Insights ltd Re-shaping markets 1. Scan your bill 2. Switch & save

13. © Behavioural Insights ltd Different policy choices: eg e-cigarettes % of smokers trying to stop using e-cigs and NRT

14. © Behavioural Insights ltd People helping people – harnessing reciprocity and the ‘economy of regard’ The visiting hours are between 2pm to 5pm

15. © Behavioural Insights ltd SOCIAL TIMELYATTRACTIVE EASY

16. © Behavioural Insights ltd Your turn!

17. © Behavioural Insights ltd

18. 1. Control 2. Norm 3. Norm & Picture4. Norm & Logo

19. © Behavioural Insights ltd 5. Three Die 6. Nine Lives 7. Reciprocity8. Action

20. © Behavioural Insights ltd Proportion joining the organ donor register after a online prompt

21. © Behavioural Insights ltd What Works?

22. A lost tradition of experimentation… 22 Illustration from North Carolina and its Resources by the North Caroline Board of Agriculture, 1896

23. Relative efficacy – 100x average differences 23 Toby Ord, 2013 The Moral Imperative toward Cost –Effectiveness in Global Health

24. 24 Core idea… Transmit Adopt Generate

25. The first six ‘What Works’ centres 25 NICE EEF Early Intervention Foundation Local Economic Growth Crime reduction Better Aging

26. 36% of school leaders say they use the ST/EEF toolkit... 26 http://educationendowmentfoundation.org.uk/toolkit/ Intervention Impact Evidence quality Cost

27. The future…? 27

28. © Behavioural Insights ltd Conclusions

29. © Behavioural Insights ltd “David Cameron’s Vanity Project”

30. © Behavioural Insights ltd Press coverage

31. © Behavioural Insights ltd Behavioural insights has had high impact – but ‘What Works’ could be greatest legacy Goals swb Policies Regulation & market design Processes Tax letters; texts; call-centre scripts etc RCTs ‘What Works’ centres Cross-national?

32. © Behavioural Insights ltd David Halpern www.behaviouralinsights.co.uk Danielle.mason@cabinet-office.gsi.gov.uk

33. © Behavioural Insights ltd Appendix

34. © Behavioural Insights ltd Well-being

35. © Behavioural Insights ltd 35...data to ‘support and enable people to make better choices for themselves’ UNCLASSIFIED

36. © Behavioural Insights ltd Building evidence infrastructure: propensity score matching and the Justice data lab 76 requests 46 published analyses 16 analyses found significant impact 15 of the significant results were positive UNCLASSIFIED

37. © Behavioural Insights ltd 37 Initial ‘What Works’ Centres cover £200bn “The What Works Network will bring a real step-change to our evidence generating capabilities, and will further ensure government takes decisions at the Spending Round and future events on the basis of high quality research aimed at delivering the best possible outcomes for the public” Danny Alexander Chief Secretary to the Treasury

38. © Behavioural Insights ltd Humanity: power of reciprocity and personalisation Highest performing text (‘+Reciprocity’) % of job seekers turning up to the Jobcentre Total number of SMSs sent = 1,224