1. Unit 4 Lesson 5 Notes Answer Key
Weather and Weather Forecasting

2. The analysis of scientific data to predict future weather conditions
Weather Forecasting
The analysis of scientific data to predict future weather conditions

3. Isobar – lines of equal pressure Isotherm – lines of equal temperature
Lines on the map
Isobar – lines of equal pressure
Isotherm – lines of equal temperature

4. Meteorology
The study of weather and Earth’s atmosphere

5. Eight Elements of Weather
Air temperature
Humidity
Wind direction
Wind speed
Clouds
Precipitation
Atmospheric pressure
Visibility

6. Ground Stations Also called - automated surface station
Collect data from the lower atmosphere

7. Radar Collects data by bouncing radio waves off precipitation
The stronger the signal the heavier the precipitation
The longer it takes the signal to return the farther away the precipitation is.

8. Balloons and Aircraft
Weather sensing instruments carried by aircraft and balloons measure weather in the upper atmosphere

9. Satellites
Orbiting weather satellites at high altitudes provide data on water vapor, cloud top temperatures and movement of weather systems.

10. Station models
A set of meteorological symbols that represent weather at a particular observing station

12. Weather Station Model
If the air pressure on the station model is 500 or more, place a 9 in front of this number then put a decimal point in front of the last number.
Example: 588 = millibars (mb)
If the air pressure on the station model is less than 500 place a 10 in front of this number then put a decimal point in front of the last number.
Example: 091 = millibars (mb)
The acceptable range of pressures is 960mb
to 1040mb.

13. Station Model Practice
Draw a station model for the following weather data.
1. Temperature: 18°C
999.8 mb
% Cloud cover – 100%
Wind direction – South
wind speed knots
Dew point - 18°C
2. Temperature: 29°C mb
% Cloud cover – 10%
Wind direction – west
wind speed knots
Dew point 20°

14. Weather Maps – a map that displays pressure, temperature, front locations, etc.

15. Upper Air Charts – used to analyze weather using instruments in the upper atmosphere like the weather balloon.

16. Cold front - where cold air moves under warm air
Blue
Triangles in a row
In front of the cold front is heavy rain, thunderstorms
In the back of the front is cool, dry weather

17. Warm front – where warm air moves over cold air
Red half circles
In front of the front is rain
Behind the front is warm, humid weather

18. Stationary fronts – form when cold and warm air stop moving
Not enough wind to move the air masses
Causes many days of unchanging air

20. Weather advisory – is issued when the expected weather conditions will not be a serious hazard.

21. Weather watch – when severe weather conditions are possible over a large area

22. Weather warning – is issued when weather conditions that pose a threat to life and property are happening or are about to happen