1. Heredity Unit 2 Biology Test Review

2. 1. Name this molecule. DNA

3. 2. What is the function of this molecule? To store genetic information

4. 3. Name the structure boxed at the “X.” Nucleotide

5. 4. What three things make up a nucleotide? 5-carbon Sugar Phosphate Nitrogen Base (ATCG)

6. Name the scientist. 5. Produced X-ray images of DNA. 6. Identified the double helix structure of DNA. Rosalind Franklin Watson and Crick

7. 7. Name this process. DNA Replication

8. 8. Which one is a new strand of DNA? A B B

9. 9. Name the enzyme which adds nucleotides to a new DNA strand during replication. DNA Polymerase

10. 10. Why must transcription take place in the nucleus? DNA must remain in the nucleus where it is protected.

11. 11. Name a difference between mRNA and DNA. RNA has the sugar ribose RNA is single stranded RNA has Uracil rather than Thymine

12. 12. How do you know this is mRNA? There are Us instead of Ts

13. 13. What are the amino acids that will be translated from this mRNA? UACUUGAGA

14. 14. Name the process in “X.” Transcription

15. 15. Name the process in step “Y.” Translation

16. 16. What is structure “C”? Ribosome

17. 17. What is structure “D”? tRNA

18. 18. UAC is the anticodon for methionine. How does the anticodon compare to the codon? The codon is on mRNA, while the anticodon is on tRNA. The anticodon is the opposite base pairs of the codon.

19. 19. What is the complementary strand of DNA? TACGGGAGTTGCATT ATGCCCTCAACGTAA

20. 20. Transcribe the sequence into mRNA. TACGGGAGTTGCATT AUGCCCUCAACGUAA

21. 21. Translate the sequence into a protein. AUGCCCUCAACGUAA Met-Pro-Ser-Thr-Stop