1. Chapter 22 Study Guide

2. 1. Seasons, latitude, and elevation

3. 2. True

4. 3. occurs when Earth’s atmosphere traps the sun’s energy

5. 4. caused by human-made chemicals known as CFC’s

6. 5. increase in Earth’s average surface temperature

7. 6. includes photosynthesis and respiration

8. 7. mesosphere

9. 8. troposphere

10. 9. troposphere

11. 10. increase

12. 11. False

13. 12.chloro fluorocarbons, CFC’s

14. 13. troposphere

15. 14. the process by which plants contribute large amounts of water vapor into the air

16. 15.curve clockwise

17. 16. curve counterclockwise

18. 17. the region where warm air masses meet cold air masses

19. 18. liquid, solid, gas

20. 19. the pressure gradient

21. 20. midwest

22. 21. cumulonimbus

23. 22. tropopause

24. 23. stratosphere

25. 24. cars, power plants, machinery

26. 25. oxygen

27. 26. the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas

28. 27. solar radiation

29. 28. False

30. 29. False

31. 30. True

32. 31. oxygen

33. 32. CO2 carbon dioxide

34. 33. it goes through precipitation

35. 34. it compares the actual amount of water vapor in the air with the maximum amount possible at that temperature

36. 35. True

37. 36. rising barometric pressure

38. 37. layered and sheet like

39. 38. have interactions that greatly influence weather

40. 39. average weather in an area over long periods of time

41. 40. the rise and fall of land surfaces

42. 41. caused by intense low pressure

43. 42. Differences in air pressure

44. 43. supersonic expanding air

45. 44. tornado

46. 45. tropical depressions

47. 46. the sun’s rays are almost perpendicular to the equator all year

48. 47. the region where electrically charged ions are formed as a result of the absorption of solar radiation

49. 48. at warm temperatures

50. 49. when it has a relative humidity of 100%

51. 50. Air will always flow from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure. Because the low pressure is in the east and the high pressure is in the west, the wind will blow out of the west toward the east.

52. 51. Earth’s rotation causes the deflection of wind to the right or left of its direct path

53. 52. funnel clouds

54. 53. During the process of outgassing, volcanic eruptions emitted the gases that founded the primitive atmosphere

55. 54. Earth’s tilt affects the seasons

56. 55. Tornadoes are high-speed rotating winds that extend downward from thunderclouds. Tornadoes form along the front between air masses with distinctly different temperature and moisture characteristics on either side of the front. Cold, dry air is very dense and sinks. As cold dry air encounters warm, moist, rising air from the South, the warm air is forced to rise faster. As the warm air rises, it may begin to spin, potentially becoming a strong, rotating thunderstorm that can spawn a tornado.

57. 56. troposphere gets colder (decreases) as altitude increases Stratosphere gets warmer (increases) as attitude increases Mesosphere gets colder (decreases) as altitude increases Thermosphere gets warmer (increases) as altitude increases