1. List 10 Functions of Government (Local, State, and Federal)
Taxes
Make/Enforce Laws
Obamacare
DEA-Drug Trade
Uphold the Constitution
Funding of Public Projects
Prosecute Lawbreakers
Railroads-Amtrak
Foreign Policy
National Security
Public Transportation
Roads/Highways
Hold Elections
Regulate Economy-Imports/Exports, Currency, Federal Reserve
Public Education
USPS- Postal Service
TSA
Environmental Protection-EPA, DNR

2. List 10 Functions of Government (state, local, and federal)
Collect taxes
Public education
Military
Public Transportation
Medicare/Medicaid
Social Security
Criminal Law
Postal Service
Maintain public highways/infrastructure
• Treasury Bonds
• Bureaucracy
• Jails/Prison System
• United Nations Representatives
• Public Parks
• Justice System
• Enforcing Criminal Law/FBI/State & Local Police
• Civil Rights/Equality Laws
• Enforce Trade Embargos, Treaties, etc

3. Some Functions of Government
Taxes
Medicaid/Medicare
Public transit
Parks and recreation
Regulate banks
Regulate commerce
Garbage
NASA
Military
Postal service
Education
Sin tax
Welfare food stamps
Treasury Bonds
Social security
Bureaucracy
Public safety
United Nations Representatives
Prisons/Justice System/Enforcing law
Civil Rights/Equality Laws
Enforce Trade Embargos, Treaties
FDA regulates food and drug safety
Purify water waste
Build and fix roads

4. Government is the institution through which society makes and enforces its public policies.

5. All systems of government have 3 inherent functions…

6. The State (Not Michigan) Must have 4 characteristics…
Territory
Government
Sovereignty
Population

7. -No government -Family heads served as leaders -Wars were between clans -Food and property often shared
Before the 1st State…

8. How did the first state originate?

9. Origins of the State Force Theory

10. Life was “short, nasty, and brutish” according to Thomas Hobbes.
Theory #1: Force Theory
Life was “short, nasty, and brutish” according to Thomas Hobbes.

11. Theory #2: Divine Right
Louis XIV
Charles II
Napoleon?

12. Give up a little freedom in exchange for protection and order
Theory #3: Social Contract
Give up a little freedom in exchange for protection and order

13. Social Contract Theory
Rousseau – Hobbes – Locke – U.S. Declaration of Independence

14. Chiefs  Clans  Private Property
Theory #4: Anthropology:
Evolution of Society
Chiefs  Clans  Private Property

15. Forms of Government - Undemocratic Government
Dictatorship
Autocracy
Monarchy

16. Forms of Government - Democratic Direct Democracy Athens: 5th century B.C.

17. Representative Democracy

18. Geographic Distribution of Power
Confederate
(weakest)
Unitary
(most common)
Federal
States/province have the power
Central government has the power

19. Unitary Governments

20. Confederations

22. Federalism can lead to national v. state tensions

23. The Complexities of Federalism Asian Carp – Illinois v Michigan

24. Presidential vs. Parliamentary

26. Comparing the Systems Presidential Parliamentary
Legislature elected by the people. Senate-6 years. House-2 years.
Chief Executive (President) elected by the people. 4 years.
Separation of powers between executive and legislative branches.
Legislature (Parliament) elected by the people for up to 5 years.
Governing coalition formed
Chief Executive (Prime Minister/Premier) elected by the legislature. No term limits.
No separation of powers between legislative and executive branches.
Monarch or president as figurehead chief of state.

27. USA – A Mixed Economy Government regulation Government intervention
Government ownership

28. 5 Basic Concepts of American Democracy
Majority Rule/Minority Rights
Individual Freedoms
Equality of All
Fundamental Worth
Necessity of Compromise

29. 6 Basic Purposes of the U.S. Government
To form a more perfect union
To establish justice for all
To ensure domestic tranquility
To promote the common defense
To promote the general welfare
To secure liberty

30. Chapter 2: The Historic Roots of the American Constitution

31. Big ideas that the American government borrowed from England and others
Rule of Law – Law codes
Ordered government – constitution
Trial by jury
Representative government
Bicameral legislature
Federalism
Economic opportunity for all
Local Rule – sheriff, coroner, justice of the peace
Popular sovereignty

32. Parliamentary Systems of Government

33. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation
Open trade state to state
One vote per state
Postal system
No supreme court
Make war and peace
No power to tax
Currency system
Could not regulate interstate trade
Build a navy
Democratic system
Debt and no way to pay
Borrow money
Amend unanimous vote
No executive branch

34. When did they realize the Articles were so weak?
States taxing interstate trade
States issuing currency
Revolutionary war debt unpaid
Some states contacting and negotiating with foreign powers
Shay’s Rebellion

36. Call for a Constitutional Convention

37. 55 Gentlemen Bankers and businessmen
Men of wealth and position - Feared “the mob”.
Plantation and slave owners
Yet – strongly influenced by the enlightenment ideas of democracy and basic human rights.
Lawyers
31 with college degrees
39 members of the original continental congress

38. Assembled at the statehouse in Philadelphia

39. 2. Work in secrecy 3 Early Decisions:
1. Dump Articles of Confederation
2. Work in secrecy
Form new government with 3 branches

40. Constitution was built on compromise
Three-Fifths Compromise
Slave Trade Compromise
Connecticut Compromise
Electoral College Compromise

43. Why would Southern states want slaves to count as people?

44. Commerce and Slave Trade Compromises
No tax on export products
No slave trade after 1808

45. James Madison (the “Architect”)
-Later wrote Bill of Rights

46. Favored ratification of the Constitution Powerful federal government
Federalists:
Favored ratification of the Constitution
Powerful federal government
Bill of Rights unnecessary
“Federalist Papers”
Anti-Federalists
Opposed ratification of the Constitution
Weak federal government/ states’ rights
Wanted Bill of Rights
Ratification:
Federalists promise addition of a Bill of Rights
Ratification succeeded, new government formed 1789
James Madison drafts 10 amendments to the Constitution. These become the U.S. Bill of Rights

47. 9 of 13 states needed to ratify new Constitution