2. Compromise and Constitution

3. The Virginia Plan State’s number of federal representatives would be based on the number of people living in the state. Obviously, who did not like this plan?

4. New Jersey Plan Each state would have equal representation regardless of population.

5. The Great Compromise Two houses of Congress – one determined by population and one equal regardless of size. Senate – equal regardless of size. House of Representatives – based on population.

8. Slavery After the American Revolution slavery became an issue. Many northern states banned slavery. In the south they depended on slave labor and made it clear a document banning slavery would not be approved.

9. The Three-Fifths Compromise The authors of the Constitution decided to leave the issue of slavery to the states. Slaves were, however, included in the population calculations. Each enslaved person was counted as three-fifths a free person. 5 slaves = 3 free men

10. More Compromises On Slavery Congress could not place taxes on exports to other countries. Congress could not interfere with the slave trade for 20 years. There must be a fugitive slave clause included. Escaped slaves had to be returned to the South.

12. Women & Representation Few leaders believed women would play a role in politics, so the Constitution gave them no new legal rights.

13. Constitution 9 of the 13 states had to vote in favor of the Constitution before it went into effect. Supporters of the Constitution were called “Federalists” – those opposed “Anti- Federalists”

14. Constitution NC voted against ratification 184-83 –It would be 2 years before NC would ratify & officially join the U.S. RI also refused to ratify – all other states did and the Constitution went into effect. 1789 the states that ratified the Constitution elected George Washington our 1 st President.

15. Bill of Rights Most states wanted more details pertaining to citizen’s rights – over 200 were submitted. James Madison drew up a list of the most important rights. These rights became the 1 st ten amendments – the Bill of Rights.

16. Political Parties The 1 st two parties were the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party.

17. Federalists Alexander Hamilton (sec. of treasury) – leader Strong national government – run by the rich, able, and well- born. Economy of U.S. based on manufacturing, shipping & trade.

18. Democratic - Republicans Thomas Jefferson & James Madison – leaders Common people could govern themselves. Government should be small & federal govt.’s power limited. Agriculture & farming central to the U.S. economy.

19. Presidents John Adams – Federalist – 2 nd President Thomas Jefferson – Democratic- Republican – 3 rd President

20. Party Watch YearPartyIssues 1800Federalists Strong federal govt. Power for president & courts Trade/industry 1800 Democratic - Republicans Limited federal govt. Power for legislators Agriculture/farm