1. Research Paper: Local Legend Expository Essay

2. Research Paper Requirements Works Cited5 sources10 Note Cards10 cards10 Outline/Thesis10 Rough Draft introduction, body, and conclusion 100 Final Draft200 Class work/You will earn points for 20 Participationyour participation during class. Total =360

3. **Supplies Needed** **Supplies Needed** 1. 8 1/2 x 10 manilla or plastic envelope 2. 3 1/2 x 5 or 4x6 note cards (not neon colored) 3. highlighters 4. change for making copies -- Library time is limited, so you must make copies on those days!!

4. Library/Lab Research Time will be limited Select topic swiftly – no more than a few people per class may have same topic; sign up for topics Find at least 5 to 6 credible sources in library Check out books or make copies/prints on those days –must have these in class If you do not get your sources during assigned time, you will get behind on other parts. Class participation points – you will be monitored for progress and utilization of time

5. Finding Sources MLA (Modern Language Association) - a style of documentation that sets forth the format guidelines for a paper primary source - gives you firsthand information about topic; in literature the primary source is the literature itself secondary source - a critical study of the literature that you use in your paper to back up your point

6. Choose a local legend (outlaws, ghosts, or superstitions) to explore Find three common themes of the legend to discuss:  Haunted houses, asylums, roads  Dead people  Common crimes  Feel free to come up with your own themes. Local Legend Expository Essay: Choosing A Topic

7. Alabama Virtual Library Britannica Funk & Wagnall's Encyclopedia Encyclopedia of Alabama History Reference Center (primary source documents) InfoTrac General OneFile Student Research Center Biography.com Credible Sites for Local Legend

8. Guidelines for Local Legend Essay Two and one half pages double spaced typed (12 point Times New Roman font style) We will type it in the lab during class. You may work on it outside of class as well by using your one drive, so that you can access it anywhere. You will share your research file folder with rhughes@tcss.net and vcparker@crimson.ua.edurhughes@tcss.net vcparker@crimson.ua.edu  All files for this project should be placed in this folder

9. Works Cited: an alphabetized record of sources that you use in your paper Use at least five sources Alphabetize entries Double space and use hanging indent Follow MLA format (see reference packet, citationmachine.net, easybib.com, or owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/7 47/01/)

10. Works Cited Charpentier, Julia Ann. "Haunted Plantations of the South." ForeWord 7 July 2015. Literature Resource Center. Web. 29 Feb. 2016. Kermeen, Frances. The Myrtles Plantation: Google Books. Warner Books, Feb. 2005. Web. 29 Feb. 2016. "Lizzie Borden Biography." Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 29 Feb. 2016. Example

11. Note Cards: index cards that hold your notes from a particular source Either paraphrase, summarize, or use direct quotes! Do not plagiarize Only one note per card! Three parts to card: note, aspect of subject, source citation with page numbers

12. Note Card Terminology slug - a subject category heading placed on a note card that corresponds to a heading on your outline source citation – author, title, or page numbers that show source of the notes paraphrase - a restatement of someone else's statement in your own words that must be documented direct quote - quotations or material taken word for word from another source that must be documented plagiarism - using someone else's words or using someone else's ideas as if they were your own

13. Subject Note (paraphrase, summary or quote) *Only one note per card *If you change subjects or source numbers, change cards (Source Citation)

14. Dead people “During the week between the murders and her arrest, Lizzie burned a dress that she claimed was stained with paint. Prosecutors would later allege that the dress was stained with blood.” (“Lizzie Borden Biography,” Biography.com)

15. Hotel and museum “Guests who have stayed in the room where Lenoir was murdered claim that the events of that night sometimes repeat themselves. More than one guest has stated that they were awakened in the middle of the night by a loud banging or thumping on the bedroom door.” (Charpentier, Julia. “Haunted Plantations of the South.” Literature Resource Center)

16. Lizzie Borden House Myrtle’s Plantation Clustering Lenoir Plantation House Dead people Hotel and museum Hauntings Dead people Hotel and museum Hauntings Dead people Haunted Houses

17. Clustering Outlaw: Jesse James II. Robberies III. Murders I. Early Life Factors that led to becoming an outlaw Birth date and place of birth James’ childhood Banks Partners in crime Trains The murder of James ? Victims

18. Thesis Make a claim about your topic. Your thesis statement is something you plan to prove through the course of the paper. Ex: The Borden House murders, hauntings, and transformation into a hotel and museum make it one of the most famous haunted plantations in America.

19. Formula for Writing a Thesis Statement A specific topic + about three particular features, feelings, or stands ------------------------------------------------------------------ = an effective thesis statement.

20. Outlining: includes a formal statement of your thesis and all of the supporting points that relate to your subject headings Form thesis statement with what you want to prove in your paper Show main points of topic as the Roman numerals Use keyword phrases to complete outlining Follow rules of spacing and margination in outlining

21. Outline Outline Thesis I. Lizzie Borden House A. Dead people B. Hotel and museum C. Hauntings II. Lenoir Plantation House A. Dead people B. Hotel and museum C. Hauntings III. Myrtle’s Plantation A. Dead people B. Hotel and museum C. Hauntings Double space throughout or skip every other line. Leave a one inch bottom margin

22. Example of Outline: Outlaw- Jesse James Thesis I. Early life A. Birth date and place of birth B. Jesse James’ childhood C. Factors that led to becoming an outlaw II. Robberies A. Partners in crime B. Banks C. Trains III. Murders A. Victims B. ? C. The murder of Jesse James

23. Drafting Follow outline Develop thesis or plan Give support from sources Document sources Expository Essay 2 1/2 pages typed with double spacing (Times New Roman size 12 font)

24. Essay Format (Expository Essay) 1. Introduction ending in thesis 2. Idea #1 topic sentence; transitions and supporting details/ex.; clincher 3. Idea #2 topic sentence; transitions and supporting details/examples; clincher 4. Idea #3 topic sentence; transitions and supporting details/examples; clincher 5. Idea #4 topic sentence; transitions and supporting details/examples; clincher 6. Conclusion beginning with restatement of thesis; other general sentences leading reader out of paper

25. Expository: Essay Template Thesis Sentence Topic Sentence 1 Topic Sentence 2 Topic Sentence 3 Restatement of Thesis Introduction Body Conclusion

26. Documentation Types of information to document: Direct quotations Opinions, statistics, definitions, data, etc. from other authors What not to document: Your own thoughts or general information that is accepted as common knowledge General information that is found in more than one reference work

27. Examples of Parenthetical Citations which Correspond with Works Cited: parenthetical citation - used to provide concise documentation directly where a source is quoted or paraphrased within your paper end of sentence (Barra 56). “words in a quote” (Columbia University Press 1 of 2 ). end of sentence (Kauffman 2 of 5).

28. Sample of how to insert parenthetical documentation

29. Indented Quote Wayne Martino draws attention to the impact of masculinity in the literacy practices of boys by addressing why boys reject reading and English as a subject. Martino found that, […] boys were caught up in a gender bind in which they perceived the subject English as a feminized learning practice that conflicted with their tenuous masculinity[…]Some boys tended to explain their lack of motivation for reading in terms of girls’ predisposition for this kind of literacy practice. Thus, on the basis of this study it would appear that the acquisition of literacy seems to be hindered by a set of cultural practices through which boys learn to establish their masculinity (230). Quotes longer than three lines follow this format

30. Style Use strong verbs Display appropriate spelling, grammar, and punctuation Limit use of dead verbs Use correct sentence structure (avoid run on and fragment errors) Avoid contractions; write out the words Use objective third person voice (no I, me, you, we, us)

31. Introductory Paragraph (at least five sentences) Attention Grabber or Hook Attention Grabber or Hook (question, quote, statistic, startling fact, controversial statement, etc.) Sentences with Significance to Topic (a bridge from hook to thesis) Thesis Statement (one from outline)

32. A Way to Start the Attention Grabber or Hook Share some thought-provoking details about the subject. Ask your reader a challenging question. Begin with an informative quotation. Provide a dramatic, eye-opening statement. Open with some thoughtful dialogue or an engaging story.

33. Sample Hook Sentences Expository Essay The Borden House, known for the brutal murders committed inside the home by Lizzie Borden, is now said to be one of the most haunted hotels in America. The infamous murder trial of Lizzie Borden has fascinated lovers of crime and mystery for decades. Who would believe that a famous American born actress and sex symbol would have spent her early life in orphanages? One famous American writer’s life was full of personal problems and poverty and very little of his work was appreciated during his lifetime. Patriotic to the core, devoted to his players, and inspired by a winning spirit that would not quit, one famous college football coach gave his country the gift of a life unsurpassed.

34. Expository Beginning Use formal word choices; avoid contractions Use third person objective “a person,” and not the first person perspective “I will talk about...” Thesis statement clearly states local legend and lists three areas of that legend as support.

35. Tori Parker English 10 Mrs. Hughes 01 March 2016 The infamous murder trial of Lizzie Borden has fascinated lovers of crime and mystery for decades. The Hauntings of Lizzie Borden

36. Paragraph Structure Top of hamburger bun = topic sentence Lettuce = supporting detail Onion = supporting detail Meat = supporting detail Bottom of bun = clincher or restatement of topic

37. Body Paragraph Guideline Topic Sentence – general with no examples Supporting sentence – sentence with info. from A. idea on outline and evidence (source) Supporting sentence – sentence with info. from B. idea on outline and evidence (source). Supporting sentence – sentence with info. from C. idea on outline and evidence (source). Clincher – restates topic sentence using different words

38. Sample Body Paragraph First, the Borden House murder is one of the most famous murder trials in history. Information from cards about A (citation). Also, information from cards about B (citation). Likewise, information from cards about C (citation). Therefore, the haunting of Lizzie Borden intrigues many today.

39. Expository Middle Each paragraph should tell the reader of one area of the famous person’s life. The essay should have three to four areas of the famous person’s life listed in chronological order or order of importance.

40. End Restate the thesis statement in the conclusion. You should have at least five sentences in the last paragraph. It is as important as the introduction. ****Lead the reader out with general information in the end like the info. you used in introduction Remember to add a clincher to the last sentence which should come full circle to your attention getter in the introduction.

41. Remember to Use Transition Words! Middle paragraphs and the last paragraph should begin with transition words. Examples: first, second, third, finally, in addition, also, last, equally important, in the first place, likewise, besides, as a result, therefore, on the other hand, nevertheless, in conclusion

42. Revision Tips Include the following parts in your paper: 1) introduction, 2) exact following of the outline as the body, and 3) conclusion to sum up all ideas presented. Do not use contractions in a formal paper. Use transitions to link ideas. Examples are as follows: for example, in addition, likewise, moreover, furthermore, similarly, finally, in conclusion, consequently, on the other hand, and also.

43. Avoid the use of “there is” and “there are” because this is a weak sentence construction. The preferred structure is to insert a strong action verb. Weak: There are many reasons that Marilyn Monroe became famous. Better: Many reasons exist to support Marilyn Monroe’s fame. Spell out most numbers that can be written in two or fewer words unless it is a technical number. Revision Tips

44. Cite at least five different sources within the body of your paper in the form of parenthetical citations (discussed in the reference packet). Only these sources should appear on the final works cited page. Use lead ins to introduce quotes. Example: According to one source, “Marilyn... “ (Smith 5). Revision Tips

45. Use objective third person reference. Do not use I, we me, us and you. Wrong: You should avoid dangerous work conditions. Better: A person should avoid dangerous work conditions. Use topic sentences to introduce each body paragraph. Examples: Also, teens should not use alcohol to avoid health risks. Furthermore, teens should not use alcoholic substances to avoid violence and criminal activity. Revision Tips

46. Rewrite or type all of your paper for the final copy, including outline, rough draft of body, and works cited. Number paper starting with first page of body. (Also, number the works cited page.) These are the following items for the turn in date in your enclosed envelope: 1) copies of sources (not books), 2) all note cards, rough draft of outline, body, and works cited, 3) final copies of outline, body, and works cited, 4) reference packet, and 5) criteria sheet. Revision Tips

47. Staple Final Draft in This Order 1.Grade Scale 2. Copy of outline 3. Body of paper written following outline 4. Copy of works cited

48. Pulling It All Together  Works Cited  Rough Draft  Final Product

49. Staple Final Draft in This Order 1.Grade Scale 2. Copy of outline 3. Body of paper following outline 4. Copy of works cited

50. Deadline Day Turn in these items in your envelope: Sources Note cards Rough Draft (outline, paper, works cited) Final Draft (outline, paper, works cited) Grade Scale Reference Packet (or $1.00 if lost)

51. Research Paper Evaluation Criteria Title suits paper and suggests the main point Thesis statement well stated at end of first paragraph Topic sentence/clincher for each paragraph Subtopics develop each topic sentence Paragraphs arranged logically Outline followed Transitional words used within and between paragraphs Paragraphs present well- organized development of thesis statement Personal opinions/conclusions avoided Spelling/Usage/Mechanics (margins, punctuation, capitalization, neatness, pagination, spacing, etc.) Sentences varied in length and structure Faulty sentences avoided Conclusion contains reference to thesis statement Quotations and non-original facts cited Sources listed correctly in works cited Sufficient number of sources Appropriate sources

52. Research Paper Terminology MLA (Modern Language Association) -a style of documentation that sets forth the format guidelines for a paper outline - includes a formal statement of your thesis and all of the supporting points that relate to your subject headings plagiarism - using someone else's words or using someone else's ideas as if they were your own primary source - gives you firsthand information about topic; in literature the primary source is the literature itself secondary source - a critical study of the literature that you use in your paper to back up your point note card - an index card that holds your notes from a particular source slug - a subject category heading placed on a note card that corresponds to a heading on your outline source number - a number placed in the top right corner of an index card that corresponds to the bib card/source the notes came from paraphrase - a restatement of someone else's statement in your own words that must be documented direct quote - quotations or material taken word for word from another source that must be documented parenthetical citation - used to provide concise documentation directly where a source is quoted or paraphrased within your paper works cited - an alphabetized record of sources that you use in your paper