2. Key Issue # 4 – Why Do Folk and Popular Culture Face Sustainability Challenges?
The Age of Globalization increases interaction between folk and popular cultures – “Crash Course Globalization Part I”
Is Globalization good or bad?
Economic “Globalization”– transnational / multinational corporations connect raw materials to producers to consumers across the globe
Positive outcomes of Economic Globalization
Job creation in developing countries
Rising standard of living in developing countries
Global “flattening” – growing middle class
Access to more raw materials and cheaper manufactured goods
Economic dependence between countries promotes peaceful political relations

4. Is Globalization good or bad?
Crash Course Globalization Part II
Negative outcomes of Cultural Globalization
Threat to sustainability of Folk Culture
Loss of Traditional Values – popular culture is an enemy of cultural traditions
The Amish: Preserving Cultural Identity
A threatened culture (long version) (Breaking Amish)
Marriage in India: Challenging Cultural Values
Change in Traditional Role of Women in Traditional Countries
Arranged marriages and dowries (India, Africa)
Child Brides
The Taliban
Malala Yousafzai
Jon Stewart and Malala
Diffusion of popular culture improves the lives of women, but…9/11
folk cultures are “endangered”…and some of them are fighting back

5. Relocation Diffusion of the Amish WHY?

6. Cultural imperialism is the practice of promoting a more powerful culture over a least known or desirable culture. It is usually the case that the former belongs to a large, economically or militarily powerful nation and the latter belongs to a smaller, less powerful one. Cultural imperialism can take the form of an active, formal policy or a general attitude. A metaphor of colonialism is employed: the cultural products of the first world "invade" the third-world and "conquer" local culture.[1]
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7. Sustainability Challenges for Popular Culture
Environmental Impact of Popular Culture
Pollution of the landscape
Depletion of scarce natural resources
Landscape pollution
Global diffusion of Uniform Landscapes; Why?
Fast-food Restaurants, gas stations
McDonaldsization
Diffusion of Golf: folk or popular?
Negative Environmental Impact
Increased Demand for Natural Resources
Pollution

8. Uniform Landscape: Product recognition
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9. Golf Courses

15. Pinehurst #2 Makeover

17. U.S. Open 2015 – Chambers Bay, WA
“The Sustainability of Chambers Bay”