1. DICHOTOMOUS KEYS: a set of paired statements that describe physical characteristics of different organisms

2. DICHOTOMOUS KEY: NAME THAT POTATO CHIP! ? ? ?? ? ? ?

4. NOW IT’S YOUR TURN TO PRACTICE USING A DICHOTOMOUS KEY!! Practice classifying North Carolina leaves, fish, and norns (aliens!) by using the dichotomous keys in your packet. fish NC Leaf Norn

5. 1.How many derived characteristics are represented on the diagram above? ______ 2. Which animals have claws or nails? ____________________________________ 3. Which animals have jaws? ___________________________________________ 4. How many derived characteristics separate hagfish form chimps and what are they? ____________________________________________________________ Using the cladogram, answer the following on p. 139 in your notebook.

6. CLADOGRAMS: a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships among organisms. Based on PHYLOGENY: the evolutionary history of a species Doesn’t focus only physical characteristics, looks at evolutionary history instead Cladograms can also be called phylogenetic trees.

7. DERIVED TRAITS TRAITS = CHARACTERISTICS Derived traits are characteristics or features that are found in later organisms but not in earlier ones. Derived traits are represented as small tick marks on a cladogram with the name of the trait next them. Organisms closer to one another on the tree share a more recent ancestor than the ones farther away from each other.

8. PRACTICE Derived Characteristics JawsLungsClaws/NailsFeathersFur/M. Glands Hagfish Perch Salamander Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp

9. PRACTICE Derived Characteristics JawsLungsClaws/NailsFeathersFur/M. Glands Hagfish Perch x Salamander Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp

10. PRACTICE Derived Characteristics JawsLungsClaws/NailsFeathersFur/M. Glands Hagfish Perch x Salamander xx Lizard Pigeon Mouse Chimp

11. PRACTICE Derived Characteristics JawsLungsClaws/NailsFeathersFur/M. Glands Hagfish Perch x Salamander xx Lizard xxx Pigeon Mouse Chimp

12. PRACTICE Derived Characteristics JawsLungsClaws/NailsFeathersFur/M. Glands Hagfish Perch x Salamander xx Lizard xxx Pigeon xxxx Mouse Chimp

13. PRACTICE Derived Characteristics JawsLungsClaws/NailsFeathersFur/M. Glands Hagfish Perch x Salamander xx Lizard xxx Pigeon xxxx Mouse xxxx Chimp

14. PRACTICE Derived Characteristics JawsLungsClaws/NailsFeathersFur/M. Glands Hagfish Perch x Salamander xx Lizard xxx Pigeon xxxx Mouse xxxx Chimp xxxx

15. Derived Characteristics JawsLungsClaws/NailsFeathersFur/M. Glands Hagfish Perch x Salamander xx Lizard xxx Pigeon xxxx Mouse xxxx Chimp xxxx You can also use this table to construct a cladogram! Hagfish perch salamander lizard pigeon mouse chimp To help you, you can make a venn diagram.

16. Now you can use your venn diagram to fill out the cladogram: Hagfish perch salamander lizard pigeon mouse chimp hagfish Jaws perch salamander lizard pigeon mouse chimp Lungs Claws or Nails feathers Fur; Mammary Glands JawsLungsClaws/NailsFeathersFur/M. Glands