2. UNIT 5: STANDARD 8A Road to the Civil War Please get out a blank sheet of paper. Title it: Unit 5 Notes

3. Slavery as a Major Political Issue  Present in the nation from the beginning (D of I)  Slavery was prohibited in the Northwest territories by federal law  1800s- Only allowed in those states south of the Mason-Dixon line http://www.history.com/topics/missouri-compromise/videos/origins-of- slavery?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

4. Slavery as a Major Political Issue  Slavery dying in parts of the South  The cotton gin & westward expansion revived slavery  Politicians sought to find the “perfect equilibrium” concerning slavery: 1. Maintain equal number of slave states & free states 2. “Gag” rule which prevented discussion of slavery from 1836- 1844 3. Work out compromises on slavery

5. What is a Compromise?

6. Missouri Compromise of 1820  Missouri and Maine both applied for statehood  Issue: Representatives from free states and slave states argue over whether slavery should be allowed in Missouri  Came to a compromise:  Maine would enter the Union as a free state  Missouri would enter the Union as a slave state  From then on, the 36’30’ parallel would separate slave states from free states

7. http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/henry-clay- and-the-missouri-compromise-of-1820.html#lesson

8. Nat Turner’s Rebellion  Nat Turner was a former slave & preacher  He wanted to free his people from slavery  Led slave rebellion in Virginia  ~60 whites killed (men, women, & children)  Turner & other rebels were captured, tried, & executed  VA had been considering banning slavery, but after the rebellion, they passed series of laws to strengthen slavery

9. http://www.history.com/topics/missouri- compromise/videos/nat-turners- rebellion?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f =1&free=false

11. Document A- The Confessions  Who wrote it?  When was it written?  What was the motivation to write it?  Is this source trustworthy?

12. Documents B and C 1. Source these documents 2. Read these documents 3. Answer the guiding questions for these documents 4. Answer the question in the box: Was Nat Turner a Hero or a Madman? What evidence from the documents supports your answer?

13. Bell Ringer: Look at the painting. Record what you see. John Gast, American Progress, 1872

14. manifest: clear or obvious destiny: future or fate Manifest Destiny Americans’ belief that it was their God-given right to own all territory from the East to the West coast

15. Map of the United States, 1872

16. Map of the 1816 United States

17. John Melish, Map of the U.S. with the contiguous British and Spanish Possessions,1816

18. 17 Melish’s comments on his 1816 map of the United States To present the country this way was desirable... The map shows at a glance the whole extent of the United States territory from sea to sea. In tracing the probable expansion of the human race from east to west, the mind finds an agreeable resting place on its western limits. The view is complete and leaves nothing to be wished for. It also adds to the beauty and symmetry of the map. Source: John Melish. Map of the United States with the contiguous British and Spanish Possessions. Philadelphia, 1816.