1. Modeling in the NGSS NGSS: Students should have opportunities to – Use models – Develop models – Test, evaluate, and revise models

2. What is a Model? A simplified representation of an object, structure, or system that is in some way analogous to the phenomena it represents Models describe, predict, and/or explain phenomena Models include diagrams and drawings, physical replicas, and computer simulations

3. Conceptual Model A combination of representations (diagrams, words, and symbols) that conveys the structure of a phenomenon

4. Modeling and NGSS (Students should…) 1.Construct drawings or diagrams as representations of events or systems 2.Represent and explain phenomena with multiple types of models 3.Evaluate the limitations and precision of models 4.Use simulations for understanding and investigating Suggest ways in which models might be improved to better fit available evidence

5. Progression in Modeling “Modeling can begin with students’ models progressing from concrete “pictures” and/or physical scale models (e.g., a toy car) to more abstract representations of in later grades, such as a diagram representing forces on a particular object in a system.” Curricula will need to stress the role of models explicitly and provide students with modeling tools, so that they come to value this core practice and develop a level of facility in constructing and applying appropriate models.