1. Nutrient Cycling and Geochemistry of Gills Creek Watershed

2. Upstream Sample Downstream Sample

3. Gills Creek Drains a small watershed Begins on Fort Jackson Continues through Columbia Remains pristine on the Fort

4. Clear dark water Numerous trees/roots Extensive riparian habitat Oligotrophic water Gills Creek on Fort Jackson

7. Gills Creek West of Columbia High suspended solids content Excessive refuse and pollution No riparian zone (few trees and roots) Eutrophic water

9. Pre Columbia Post Columbia

12. Concentrations of nutrients in Water Sources in Santa Ana Basin, California around wastewater treatment plants Kent and Belitz, 2004 NitratePhosphate Upstream0.3 mg/l Downstream10 mg/l1 mg/l