1. How have the decisions of the Supreme Court protected people accused of crimes? What rights are accused people guaranteed? Landmark Supreme Court Cases Protecting the Accused

2. Constitutional Amendments Fourth: no illegal search and seizure. Law enforcement must have a search warrant or probable cause. Fifth Amendment: Rights of the Accused 1. No one can be tried for a felony unless indicted by a grand jury 2. No double jeopardy 3. Protection against self-incrimination 4. Due Process: accused must receive all parts of legal process Sixth Amendment: Rights of People on Trial 1. Trial by jury 2. Speedy and public trial 3. Right to confront witnesses/accusers 4. Right to an attorney

3. Cases Mapp v. Ohio (1961): Mapp was arrested for possessing pornography found in an illegal search. - Illegally obtained evidence cannot be used in a trial. “Exclusionary rule” established. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963): Gideon arrested for robbery. He asks for a lawyer but the court refuses to provide one. - If a defendant cannot afford a lawyer, the state must provide one for them.

4. More Cases Miranda v. Arizona (1966): Miranda was arrested for rape and murder and confessed to the crime before being advised of his rights. - Accused criminals must be informed of their rights when arrested In re Gault (1966): Gerald Gault (15) was convicted of making an obscene phone call and sentenced to 5 years in a juvenile detention facility. - Juveniles must be afforded the same rights as adults, including: notifying parents, right to counsel, right to confront accusers, and protection against self-incrimination.