1. Minerals

2. What are minerals?

3. 5 characteristics of a mineral 1. Naturally occurring-can be found in the earth 2. Inorganic- made of non living things 3. Solid- definite volume and shape 4. Definite Composition- made of the same element or compound throughout 5. Crystal Structure- atoms are arranged in a definite pattern (may not be visible)

4. Formation May form from compounds dissolved in liquid May form from compounds dissolved in liquid When liquid evaporates crystals are left behind When liquid evaporates crystals are left behind Formed when magma cools Formed when magma cools Cools fastSmall crystals form Cools fastSmall crystals form Cools slowLarge crystals form Cools slowLarge crystals form

5. Mineral Identification Minerals have physical properties used to identify them Minerals have physical properties used to identify them 1. Color 2. Luster: metallic or nonmetallic 3. Streak: color of powder scraped off 4. Hardness: Mohs scale 5. Density 6. Crystal shape: 6 basic shapes 7. Cleavage/Fracture: how a mineral breaks

6. Mineral Identification

7. Uses of Minerals 1. Various metals form ore used for: steel, wire, cans, cars, jewelry, etc. 2. Nonmetals form ore used for: medicines, fertilizers, etc. 3. Gem Stones