1. IIIIIIIVV Chemical Reactions Types of Chemical Reactions

2. C. Chemical Equations Pt a catalyst is present (in this case, platinum)

3. B. Synthesis/Combination n The combination of 2 or more substances react to form a single compound n only one product A + B  AB

4. B. Synthesis/Combination H 2 (g) + Cl 2 (g)  2 HCl(g)

5. Al(s)+ Cl 2 (g)  AlCl 3 (s) 2 3 2 B. Synthesis/Combination n Products:  ionic - cancel charges  covalent - hard to tell

6. Practice with Synthesis Rxns. n Write balanced chemical equations for the following:  Mg + O 2. - 2Mg + O 2 → 2MgO(aq)  P + O 2 → Diphosphorous pentoxide - 4P + 5O 2 → 2P 2 O 5 (s)  Ca + S - Ca + S → CaS(aq)  Fe + O 2 → Iron (II) oxide - 2 Fe + O 2 → 2FeO(s)

7. C. Decomposition n a compound breaks down into 2 or more simpler substances n only one reactant AB  A + B

8. C. Decomposition 2 H 2 O(l)  2 H 2 (g) + O 2 (g)

9. KBr(l)  K(s) + Br 2 (l) 2 2 C. Decomposition n Products:  binary - break into elements  others - hard to tell

10. Practice with Decomposition Rxns. n Write balanced chemical equations for the following:  HBr - 2HBr → H 2 (g) + Br 2 (g)  NaCl - 2NaCl → 2Na(s) + Cl 2 (g)  Ag 2 O - 2Ag 2 O → 4Ag(s) + O 2 (g)  Mercury (II) oxide - 2HgO → 2Hg(l) + O 2 (g)

11. D. Single Replacement n one element replaces another in a compound  metal replaces metal (+)  nonmetal replaces nonmetal (-) A + BC  B + AC

12. D. Single Replacement Cu(s) + 2AgNO 3 (aq)  Cu(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + 2Ag(s)

13. D. Single Replacement n Products:  metal  metal (+)  nonmetal  nonmetal (-)  free element must be more active (check activity series)

14. Fe(s)+ CuSO 4 (aq)  Cu(s)+ FeSO 4 (aq) D. Single Replacement Br 2 (l)+ NaCl(aq)  N.R.

15. Practice w/Single Replacement Rxns. n Write balanced chemical equations for the following:  Mg(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) - Mg(s) + Zn(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) → Mg (NO 3 ) 2 (aq)+ Zn(s)  Mg(s) + LiNO 3 (aq) - Mg(s) + LiNO 3 (aq) → No rxn.  Al + H 2 SO 4 - 2Al(s) +3H 2 SO 4 (aq) → Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (aq) + 3H 2 (g)  Li + H 2 O - 2Li(s) + 2H 2 O(l) → 2LiOH(aq) + H 2 (g)

16. AB + CD  AD + CB E. Double Replacement n ions in two compounds “change partners” n cation of one compound combines with anion of the other

17. E. Double Replacement Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq) + K 2 CrO 4 (aq)  PbCrO 4 (s) + 2KNO 3 (aq)

18. Pb(NO 3 ) 2 (aq)+ KI(aq)  PbI 2 (s)+ KNO 3 (aq) E. Double Replacement n Products:  switch negative ions  one product must be insoluble creates (s) or (l) (check solubility on your sheet) NaNO 3 (aq)+ KI(aq)  N.R. 2 2

19. Practice with Double Displacement Rxns. n Write balanced chemical equations for the following:  HCl + Ca(OH) 2 - 2HCl(aq) + Ca(OH) 2 (s) → N.R.  KOH + H 3 PO 4 - 3KOH(aq) + H 3 PO 4 (aq) → K 3 PO 4 (aq)+ 3H 2 O(l)  Al(OH) 3 + H 2 SO 4 - 2Al(OH) 3 + 3H 2 SO 4 (aq)→ Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 (aq)+ 6H 2 O(l)  SrBr 2 + (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 - SrBr 2 + (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 → 2NH 4 Br (aq) + SrCO 3 (s)

20. A. Combustion CH 4 (g) + 2O 2 (g)  CO 2 (g) + 2H 2 O(g) n the burning of any substance in O 2 to produce heat n For our purposes we are going to say hydrocarbons and oxygen A + O 2  CO 2 + H 2 O

21. C 3 H 8 (g)+ O 2 (g)  5 3 4 A. Combustion n Products:  CO 2 H2OH2O CO 2 (g)+ H 2 O(g)

22. Practice with combustion rxns. n Write a balanced equation for the complete combustion of the following:  Butene (g); C 4 H 8 - C 4 H 8 (g) + 6O 2 (g) → 4CO 2 (g) + 4H 2 O(g)  Glucose (s); C 6 H 12 O 6 - C 6 H 12 O 6 (s) + 6O 2 (g)→ 6CO 2 (g)+ 6H 2 O(g)  Octane (l); C 8 H 18 - 2C 8 H 18 (l) + 25O 2 (g)→ 16CO 2 (g)+ 18H 2 O(g)