1. 3.7 Cash Flow

2. The difference between profit and cash flow
Profit: the positive difference between sales revenues and total costs
Cash flow: money that flows in and out of a business over a given year
Example: During a particular month a business sold $10,000 worth of goods, incurring a total cost of $4,000. The business offered customers one month’s credit of 50 per cent of sales. What was the profit and cash flow for the month?

3. Two possibilities:
A business can be profitable but have little or no cash. This is known as insolvency.
A business can have positive cash flow but be unprofitable.

4. The working capital cycle
Working Capital = Current Assets – Current Liabilities
A working capital cycle is the period of time between payment for goods supplied to a business and the business receiving cash from their sale.
Liquidation is a situation where all a firm’s assets are sold off to pay any funds they owe

5. Cash-flow forecasts
Cash flow forecasts are future predictions of a firm’s cash inflows and outflows over a given period of time.
Terms:
Opening cash balance
Total cash inflows
Total cash outflows
Net cash flow
Closing cash balance

6. Example of Cash Flow Forecast

7. Question: Create cash flow forecast
Nails by Joomin Joomin Kim runs a beauty shop called Nails by Joomin specializing in manicures and pedicures. The business operates as a sole trader. Joomin wants to take advantage of the growth of the business and its good reputation by opening a second store in a shopping centre about 10 kilometers from the original location. A friend suggested to her that she could develop the business by franchising and increasing her economies of scale, but Joomin wants to own the new store and maintain control. She is considering restructuring as a private limited company. Joomin will finance the new store using $ from her savings and $ from a bank loan.

8. She anticipates revenues and expenses for the first 6 months of the new store (January to June 2010) as follows:
initial balance: $ (savings and bank loan)
initial start-up expenses: $15 000
monthly rent: $2000
store manager monthly salary: $2000 (increasing by 6 % in month 3)
monthly loan payment: $1000
monthly expenses for additional labour: $1000 for the first month, increasing by 20 % per month
initial revenue: $2000 a month, increasing by 20 % each month.
Prepare a monthly cash flow forecast for the first 6 months of operation of the new store.