1. Computer Assisted Language Learning Sep 9 th

2. What’s CALL? Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) may be defined as the search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning

3. Types of CALL Programs 1. CALL-specific software 2. Generic software 3. Web-based learning programs 4. Computer-mediated communication (CMC) programs

4. Types of CALL Activities multiple-choice & true/false quizzes gap-filling exercise/cloze Matching re-ordering/sequencing crossword puzzles games simulations writing & word-processing concordancing web quests/searching web publishing online communication (synchronous and asynchronous)

5. Caveat: Caveat: - Computer technology has to be treated as an aid, but not a panacea. - The effectiveness of CALL cannot reside in the technology itself but in how it is put to use and for what purposes.

6. Roles of the Computer in language learning and teaching:  computer as tutor for language drills or skill practice  computer as a tool for writing, presenting, and researching  computer as a medium of global communication

7. Structural / Behavioristic CALL (1960s -1970s) Structural / Behavioristic CALL (1960s -1970s)  View of Language: Structural (a formal structural system)  English Teaching Paradigm: Grammar- Translation & Audio-lingual  Principal Use of Computers: Drill and Practice  Principal Objective: Accuracy

8. Communicative / Cognitive CALL (1980s -1990s) Communicative / Cognitive CALL (1980s -1990s) View of Language: Cognitive (a mentally constructed system through interaction) English Teaching Paradigm: Communicative Language Teaching Principal Use of Computers: Communicative Exercises (to practice language use; non-drill format) Principal Objective: Fluency

9. Integrative / Sociocognitive / Socioconstructive CALL (1990s -present) Integrative / Sociocognitive / Socioconstructive CALL (1990s -present) View of Language: Sociocognitive (developed in social interaction through discourse communities) English Teaching Paradigm: Content- based & ESP/EAP Principal Use of Computers: Authentic Discourse (to perform real-life tasks) Principal Objective: Agency (*definition: "the satisfying power to take meaningful action and see the results of our decisions and choices" Murray, 1997, p. 126)

10. Two types: Multimedia CALL (CD-ROMs) and Web- based CALL (on the Internet) 1) Multimedia CALL 2) Web-based CALL a. CMC b. the web

11. How Computers can be used in the Language Class 1) Teaching with one computer in the class 2) Teaching in the computer network room (network-based language teaching) 3) Self-access learning (independent learning) 4) Distance learning

12. Principles of Using and Designing CALL Programs Principles of Using and Designing CALL Programs - student/learner-centeredness (to promote learner autonomy) - meaningful purpose - comprehensive input - sufficient level of stimulation (cognitively and affectively) - multiple modalities (to support various learning styles and strategies) - high level of interaction (human-machine and human-human)