1. READ ALOUD P-12 Loddon Mallee Region

2. Session Outline Literacy Frameworks Research Teachers’ Reading Behaviours In the Content Areas Thinking Through the Text Home/school Partnerships

3. LITERACY ELEMENTS Read Aloud Shared Reading Guided Reading Independent Reading SPEAKING & LISTENING OBSERVATION & ASSESSMENT Write Aloud Shared Writing Guided Writing Independent Writing

4. 4 GRADUAL RELEASE OF RESPONSIBILITY MODELLING The teacher demonstrates and explains the literacy focus being taught. This is achieved by thinking aloud the mental processes and modelling the reading, writing, speaking and listening The student participates by actively attending to the demonstrations SHARING The teacher continues to demonstrate the literacy focus, encouraging students to contribute ideas and information Students contribute ideas and begin to practise the use of the literacy focus in whole class situations GUIDING The teacher provides scaffolds for students to use the literacy focus. Teacher provides feedback Students work with help from the teacher and peers to practise the use of the literacy focus APPLYING The teacher offers support and encouragement when necessary The student works independently to apply the use of literacy focus Role of the teacher Role of the student Pearson & Gallagher DEGREE OF CONTROL

6. Activity - Anticipation Guide

7. An Agreed Understanding of Read Aloud Birth 4mthsSchool 8yrs 16yrs Read Aloud as a reading instruction element Child associates reading as a pleasurable experience Development of language, vocabulary, enjoyment, appreciation of books, background knowledge, model effective reading behaviours

8. As seen in Jim Trelease seminar/ The Read-Aloud Handbook(Penguin Books, 2006) Meaningful differences by Hart & Risley

9. READ ALOUD Description Reading quality literature and text to students is referred to as “Read Aloud”. Read Aloud must occur several times daily for a variety of instructional purposes. A Read Aloud is a planned activity. It should involve the whole class, small groups and individual students. 10

10. READ ALOUD Classroom Indicators- Instruction Student engagement is evident during text reading. For example: wondering, imagining, identifying, laughing, spontaneous comment, non verbal responses Teachers demonstrate reading as a valuable and enjoyable activity Teachers use a variety of carefully selected texts to expose students to language structures, how texts ‘work’ and how to gain meaning from text Teachers demonstrate reading strategies by sharing the reading process with students Instructional focus may be problem solving, fact finding, text types, analysing, inferring, author study. 11

11. READ ALOUD Classroom Indicators- Resources Many quality texts, diverse in style, topic and level of difficulty, well displayed and easily accessible Examples of text should come from fiction and factual texts, including multi modal texts Well resourced, inviting classroom and central libraries Blocks of time scheduled for reading 12

12. Read Aloud as an Instructional Element Read Aloud is powerful teaching when the skills or strategies of a proficient reader are modelled intentionally and authentically We take what metacognitive readers do implicitly and make it explicit We show students how skilled readers construct meaning from text The term Read Aloud is used in a way that also embraces Interactive Read Aloud; your students should always have opportunities to interact with the text that is being read to them, by commenting, questioning, giving opinions and sharing ideas.

13. Research

14. Why Read Aloud? Builds community Models fluent reading Models a language that successful readers use Models metacognition Fosters critical thinking Exposes to new vocabulary and language patterns Helps activate prior and build new knowledge Models the reading process Models strategies: eg. predicting, visualising, connecting,fix-up strategies Reviews text structure.

15. Interactive Read Alouds: Is there a common set of implementation practices? In 2004 Douglas Fisher and his colleagues from San Diego State University examined the Read Aloud practices of 25 expert teachers to identify common factors. They then observed 120 additional teachers to see if the procedures were used widely

16. Essential components of an Interactive Read Aloud Books chosen are appropriate to students’ interests and matched to their developmental, emotional and social level Selections have been previewed and practiced by the teacher A clear purpose for the read-aloud was established The teachers model fluent oral reading when they read the text Teachers are animated and use expression Teachers stop periodically and thoughtfully question the students to focus them on specifics of the text Connections are made to independent reading and writing

17. How well is Interactive Read – Aloud done in our classrooms?

18. Books chosen are appropriate to students’ interests and matched to their developmental, emotional and social level Selections have been previewed and practiced by the teacher A clear purpose for the Read Aloud was established The teachers model fluent oral reading when they read the text Teachers are animated and use expression Teachers stop periodically and thoughtfully question the students to focus them on specifics of the text Connections are made to independent reading and writing How would you rate yourself on a scale 1-10?

19. What they found out

20. What does the teacher do to engage and support student thinking? Randy reading “Short Cut” by Donald Crews

21. Read Alouds in Content Areas. Why Read Aloud in Science? Modelling reading and thinking strategies that foster critical thinking Introduce a lesson, focus on a science concept, the author’s craft or a particular literary feature Increase science vocabulary Lower the abstract nature of science textbook explanations Improve comprehension of science text Model curiosity and question posing, generate questions for discussion and investigations

22. VIDEO Science lesson Year 8 “The Digestive System” What does the teacher do to engage and support student understanding?

23. Read Alouds in Content Areas. Why Read Aloud in Maths? Model thinking and talking mathematically Model strategies Increase math vocabulary Improve comprehension of maths text Highlight maths concepts When reading aloud, you can stop from time to time and orally complete sentences like these: I wonder why... I was confused by... So far, I've learned... I just thought of... That is interesting because... I think the most important part was... This made me think of... I reread that part because... I think ___ will happen next. That didn't make sense.

24. Some stems to support our thoughts Thinking aloud Monitoring comprehension Making connections Previewi ng text Predicting

25. Previewing Text “The title/author/pictures/captions/book design makes me think of…” “The title makes me think that this is going to be about a ________” “The comments on the back cover lead me to believe that…” “The photographs/headings/subheadings make me think that…”

26. Predicting “I’m guessing that _______ will happen next.” “I bet that …” “I wonder if…” “I imagine the author believes…” “This reminds me of…” “This could help me with…” “Since this happened _____, then, I bet the next thing that is going to happen is…” “This is like…”

27. Monitoring Comprehension “This is not making sense because…” “This connects to what I already know because…” “Now I understand ______” “This makes sense now because…” “No, I think it means….” “This part is really saying” “At first I thought ______, but now I think…”

28. Making Connections “This reminds me of…” “This part is like…” “This character is like _______ because…” “This is similar to …” “This character makes me think of…” “The setting reminds me of…” “This is helping me with/to think about…” “Something like this happened to me.”

29. Thinking Aloud “This is powerful because…” “This is hard because…” “This is confusing…” “This is contrary to my understanding of…..” “I like the part where…” “This reinforces …..…” “My favourite part is…” “I think that…” “When the author said…. I felt…..”

30. Parents / Community The power of reading to children Ref Risdon Prison How does your school link with parents and the community??? Share

31. Resources and References The Elementary Science Integration Projects (ESIP) promote connections between language arts instruction and inquiry-based science in grades K-8. Project activities http://www.esiponline.org/classroom/foundations/reading/readalouds.html TeacherVision ® is dedicated to helping teachers save time. Find 20,000 pages of classroom- ready lesson plans, printables, and resources. This section is on read aloud: http://www.teachervision.fen.com/skill-builder/problem-solving/48546.html The Screen Actors Guild hosts Storyline Online, chock-full of video read alouds. Well-known actors read children's books, and the videos are optimized to play at almost any bandwidth (even dial-up). - there are many current and diverse new titles here: http://www.storylineonline.net/ Jim Trelease shares advice on how to read a book you don't want to read in this nine- minute video for reluctant readers of any age. This link also includes a summary of the video for dial-up users: http://www.trelease-on-reading.com/tree-book-video.html Irene C. Fountas & Gay Su Pinnell Teaching for Comprehending and fluency Harvey Stephanie & Goudvis Anne, 2007, Strategies That Work: Teaching comprehension for understanding

32. Planning for Read Aloud What do you need to ensure that powerful Read Aloud happens in all classrooms? Share at tables