1. Have a seat quickly and quietly, take out your homework We will check homework and then begin our notes on Surface Fresh Water

2. The Structure of the Hydrosphere Pt.1 Surface Fresh Water

3. Structure of the Hydrosphere Earths continents are surrounded by water. Deep blue oceans cover more than 2/3 of Earth’s surface. On land, water flows in rivers and streams, and fills up lakes and ponds. Wetlands hold water like a sponge. Water trickles through rock underground to form groundwater.

4. The Structure of Hydrosphere Oceans—96.5% of water found here Fresh water—3.5% of water found here Fresh water distribution: Ice: 1.762% Groundwater: 1.7% Surface Fresh Water: 0.014% Atmosphere and soil: 0.002%

5. Water in the Hydrosphere All Water Fresh Water

6. Fresh Water Locations—Surface Water What is the difference between a river basin and a watershed ? Surface water moves into river basins from watersheds Watershed: A watershed is an area of land where precipitation collects, then drains into a single collection place River Basin: the term used to describe an area that drains into a large river which will eventually end up at the ocean The main function of a watershed or river basin is to move water from higher elevations to lower elevations.

7. Fresh Water Locations—River Basins and Watersheds North Carolina contains 17 river basins. The Cape Fear River Basin is the largest in NC. It covers 9,324 square miles of land and contains streams that drain 29 of North Carolina’s 100 counties, including Alamance County. Did you know?-- The New River, flowing through Allegheny, Ashe, and Watauga counties is one of the oldest rivers in the world and possibly the oldest river in North America!

8. Fresh Water Locations—River Basins and Watersheds Larger river basins are made up of many interconnected watersheds Example: Cape Fear and Neuse River Basins are made of many small watersheds The water in a watershed runs to the lowest point—a river, stream, lake, or ocean

9. Fresh Water Locations—Rivers, Streams, and Lakes What is a river? A large channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope—made of many streams that come together What is a stream? A small channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope—made of small gullies What is a lake? A body of water of considerable size contained on a body of land

10. Fresh Water Locations—Rivers, Streams, and Lakes Towns and cities often develop around rivers and lakes to take advantage of easily accessible water for drinking and industry. A lake is a low area of land where surface water runoff accumulates. Lakes vary greatly in size and can be natural or man-made. Some major lakes in North Carolina include: Lake Mattamuskeet Lake Phelps Lake Waccamaw Lake Michie

11. Fresh Water Locations—Rivers, Streams, and Lakes Rivers and lakes, along with aquifers, provide drinking water to cities and towns. Lake Michie and the Little River reservoir are water sources for the city of Durham, NC. Oak Hollow Lake and High Point City Lake are water sources for the city of High Point. Lake Brandt, Lake Higgins and Lake Townsend are water sources for the city of Greensboro. Lake Mackintosh, Lake Cammack, and the Stoney Creek Reservoir are water sources for the city of Burlington.

12. Local Water Sources Graham-Mebane Lake supplies the water for the city of Graham; the lake has a capacity of 2.8 billion gallons Graham and Mebane co-own the Graham- Mebane water treatment plant located on Graham-Mebane Lake, which treats an average of 1.34 million gallons of wastewater each day The Graham-Mebane water plant also provides water for Green Level and Swepsonville