1. John Milton

2. 1608-1674 One of the “three greats” Born in London to very Protestant parents Studied divinity at Cambridge Debated humanist issues in Latin, disliked comedy

3. John Milton 1632-1638 Self-study period Acquired Latin, Greek, Hebrew, French, Spanish, and Italian Later learned Old English and Dutch

4. European Travels 1638-9 Travels to France and Italy Met Galileo, then under virtual house arrest Returned upon hearing of the English Civil War

5. Commonwealth and Restoration Wrote treatises opposing the High Church party of the Church of England Became Secretary of Foreign Tongues (1649) and defends new Commonwealth After 1660 Restoration, is pardoned and forced into quiet retirement Paradise Lost: 1658-1664

6. Paradise Lost: Style Latinate syntax Epic form (in media res; hero; invocation to muses) Dense scholarly references

7. Paradise Lost: Themes Theodicy Marriage and gender (Eve as Narcissus) Obedience and punishment Knowledge and innocence Sapience and sin (Adam the greater sinner)

8. Paradise Lost: Structure Twelve books (after Aeneid) Focus on two dramas: Satan and Adam/Eve Books V-VI give background Argumentum

9. Christian Epic Who is the hero? Blake’s Satanic interpretation: “he was a true Poet and of the Devil's party without knowing it”

10. Ending They looking back, all th' Eastern side beheld Of Paradise, so late thir happie seat, Wav'd over by that flaming Brand, the Gate With dreadful Faces throng'd and fierie Armes: Som natural tears they drop'd, but wip'd them soon; The World was all before them, where to choose Thir place of rest, and Providence thir guide: They hand in hand with wandring steps and slow, Through Eden took thir solitarie way.

11. Beginning Of Mans First Disobedience, and the Fruit Of that Forbidden Tree, whose mortal tast Brought Death into the World, and all our woe, With loss of Eden, till one greater Man Restore us, and regain the blissful Seat, Sing Heav'nly Muse,that on the secret top Of Oreb, or of Sinai, didst inspire That Shepherd, who first taught the chosen Seed, In the Beginning how the Heav'ns and Earth Rose out of Chaos: Or if Sion Hill Delight thee more, and Siloa's Brook that flow'd Fast by the Oracle of God; I thence Invoke thy aid to my adventrous Song, That with no middle flight intends to soar Above th' Aonian Mount, while it pursues Things unattempted yet in Prose or Rhime.one greater Manht tat with no middngs unattemp