1. Design Movements Objective: Understand the transition from crafted products to mass production, and the effect on styling.

2. The Arts and Crafts Movement The Arts and Crafts Movement was one of the most influential, profound and far-reaching design movements of modern times. It began in Britain around 1880 and quickly spread across America and Europe before emerging finally as the Mingei (Folk Crafts) movement in Japan http://www.vam.ac.uk/content/articles/t/the-arts- and-crafts-movement/

3. Art Nouveau Art Nouveau was a movement that swept through the decorative arts and architecture in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Generating enthusiasts throughout Europe and beyond, the movement issued in a wide variety of styles, and, consequently, it is known by various names, such as the Glasgow Style, or, in the German-speaking world, Jugendstil. Art Nouveau was aimed at modernizing design, seeking to escape the eclectic historical styles that had previously been popular. Artists drew inspiration from both organic and geometric forms, evolving elegant designs that united flowing, natural forms with more angular contours. The movement was committed to abolishing the traditional hierarchy of the arts, which viewed so-called liberal arts, such as painting and sculpture, as superior to craft-based decorative arts, and ultimately it had far more influence on the latter. The style went out of fashion after it gave way to Art Deco in the 1920s, but it experienced a popular revival in the 1960s, and it is now seen as an important predecessor of modernism

4. Modernism An artistic movement during the early twentieth century, modernism responded to stifling Victorian conventions and nineteenth century realism. The many branches of modernism illustrate the unstable, self-aware zeitgeist of the early twentieth century. New social movements and The Great War created a need for new forms of expression that broke from standard poetic form, aesthetics, and representation of time, space, and gender. Modernists broke from artistic conventions yet embraced tradition as a body of works rich with possibilities for revision and allusion. They captured harsh truths and framed them in forms as various and conflicted as their times.

5. Bauhaus The Bauhaus was the most influential modernist art school of the 20th century, one whose approach to teaching, and understanding art's relationship to society and technology, had a major impact both in Europe and the United States long after it closed. It was shaped by the 19th and early 20th centuries trends such as Arts and Crafts movement, which had sought to level the distinction between fine and applied arts, and to reunite creativity and manufacturing. This is reflected in the romantic medievalism of the school's early years, in which it pictured itself as a kind of medieval crafts guild. But in the mid 1920s the medievalism gave way to a stress on uniting art and industrial design, and it was this which ultimately proved to be its most original and important achievement. The school is also renowned for its faculty, which included artists Wassily Kandinsky, Josef Albers, László Moholy- Nagy, Paul Klee and Johannes Itten, architects Walter Gropius and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, and designer Marcel Breuer.

6. Art Deco The story of Art Deco occurs against the backdrop of the Roaring Twenties in the U.S. and a scarred Europe recovering from World War One. While the U.S. wasn’t faced with rebuilding after the war, it did have to rebuild its economy after the Great Depression of 1929. Art Deco is a form of Modernism that flourished in the United States and Europe in the 1920s and 1930s. The origins of Art Deco began two decades earlier in Paris. “La Societe des artistes decorateurs” or the Decorative Artists Society was founded following the Universal Exposition of 1900. Early members, including architect Hector Guimard, believed in the importance of France’s decorative arts and marketing their achievements for business purposes. These artists also displayed their creations at the International Exposition of Modern Industrial and Decorative Art in Paris in 1925.

7. De Stijl Influential movement in art, architecture, and design founded in 1917 in the Netherlands. The focus of the movement was an attempt to simplify art to pure abstraction; form was reduced to rectangles and other geometric shapes, while colour was limited to the primary colours and black and white. The De Stijl group wanted to bring art and design together in a single coherent, simplified system. Its best-known member was the abstract painter Piet Mondrian. The group's main theorist and publicist was Theo van Doesburg (1883–1931), and his death in 1931 effectively marked its end. The influence of De Stijl was deeply felt in architecture and design during the 1930s. The architects Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier, for example, were attracted by its comprehensiveness and radical simplicity, and it stimulated the direction of study at theBauhausMondrianGropiusLe CorbusierBauhaus

8. Tasks: 1)Place the identified Design eras into a time line, so you can see what order they came in. You may find there are some overlaps. 2)Collect, present and label iconic images from each era. Show how each era effected the styling of the products made.