1. The Rise of Modern China
Four Modernizations
One Child Policy
Tiananmen Square Massacre
China Today
The Rise of Modern China

2. Post Mao Four Modernizations - 1978
Economic policy under Deng Xiaoping
Mixed-economy
Four aspects
Agriculture
Industry
National Defense (People’s Liberation Army)
Science and Technology

3. China opens markets and allows foreign investment
Large industry were state-run
Small businesses/enterprise were individually run
Again…What kind of an economy is this called?
PLA focused on internal control
Largest army in world
Education emphasized math and the sciences

4. One Child Policy (1978 - ?) Introduced by Deng Xiaoping
Belief that population limits growth of country
Need more food, clothes, infrastructure, jobs, cars
Need a strong central government – not as successful in India
Births per women have dropped from over 3 in the late 70s to 1.8 in 2008
million fewer people

5. "For a prosperous, powerful nation and a happy family, please use birth planning."

6. Human Rights Violation?
Over 20,000 forced abortions in 2001 in Huaiji County in Guangdong Province
Eugenics  People with “unsatisfactory” physical/mental conditions are forbidden to marry
Most violations occur at local level in rural areas

7. More boys… Male sons preferred
Estimated that there will be 30 million more men than women by 2020
Unfair implementation  wealthy and government officials able to avoid penalties/fines
"4-2-1 Problem"

8. "It is forbidden to discriminate against, mistreat or abandon baby girls."

9. Tiananmen Square
The rising standard of living and economy led to an increase of political rights and representation
Student protests
Want democracy/accountability
Government responds with army
Thousands massacred
Political reform put on hold

11. Mao versus the Goddess of Democracy

13. After the soldiers reclaim the square

14. Tank Man!

15. Ten Years Later

16. Victoria Park, Hong Kong - 1999

17. Tiananmen Square Today
Soldiers – yes
Violence – no

19. Mao’s Mausoleum
Tiananmen Square is directly behind his mausoleum

20. Monument to the People’s Heroes

21. Soldiers can be tourists too

22. Forbidden City
The Forbidden City is opposite Mao’s mausoleum at the other end of the Square

23. Well manicured shrubbery and fountains

24. No tanks – just tourists…