2.  Conditional sentences are created by 2 clauses ( חלק משפט ): the IF clause – condition the main clause – result  They show that the result can only happen if a certain condition is fulfilled ( מתגשם ).  We can change the order of the clauses. IF + condition + result result + if + condition

3.  It is used to describe something that always happens or a general truth.  If you heat ice, it melts if + present simple + present simple V1 +V1  If the car has no gas, it doesn’t start. if + present simple + present simple V1 +V1

4.  It is used to describe something that may happen in the future.  Situation: it may rain tomorrow and we have a trip.  If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go on a trip. If + present simple + future simple V1will + V1

5.  If you come home early, make dinner. If + present simple +imperative V1V1  If he has a test soon, he can’t come with us. If + present simple + modals V1can/should/must/may +V1

6.  UNLESS (IF NOT) is used in positive sentences although it has a negative meaning.  Unless we get some gas, our car won’t work.  If we don’t get some gas, our car won’t work.

7.  It is used to describe a situation which is unlikely to happen in the present.  Situation : I’m not very tall so I can’t play basketball.  If I were taller, I would play basketball. If + past simple + future past V2 would +V1

8.  Situation: I don’t have a lot of money so I can’t travel around the world.  If I had a lot of money, I could travel around the world. If + V2 + could + V1

9.  It is used to describe an impossible situation in the past.  Situation : Last week I had a test. I didn’t study so I didn’t pass.  If I had studied for the test last week, if + past perfect had +V3 I could have passed. Future past perfect would/could + have +V3

10.  Situation : our team lost yesterday because it played badly.  If our team hadn’t played badly, if + past perfect had +V3 it wouldn’t have lost. Future past perfect would/could + have +V3

12. Time Reference Type of ConditionVerb Structure + Example Future 1 st conditional (real) If + present simple + future simple If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go on a trip If + V1 + will/can/may/ should + V1 Present 2 nd conditional (unreal present) If + past simple + future past If I won the lottery, I would stop working If + V2 + would/could + V1 Past3 rd conditional (unreal past) If + past perfect + future past perfect If He had studied better for the test yesterday, he would have succeeded. If + had + V3 + would/could + have + V3