1. Symbiotic Relationships

2. Predation Predator –Captures, kills, and consumes another individual - the hunter Prey –The hunted

3. Predation Mimicry –Defensive strategy in which one organism resembles another that is dangerous although it is not

4. Predation Herbivores Animals that eat plants Plants protect themselves by 1. physical features such as thorns, spines, sticky hairs, and tough leaves 2.Secondary compounds –Chemical defenses: poisons, irritants, bad taste

5. Carnivores Animals that eat other animals Animals protect themselves by 1. Mimicking another plant or animal. 2. Camouflaging with their surroundings

6. Parasitism –Resemble predation in that one individual is harmed while the other benefits Parasite –Feeds on another individual Host –Individual being fed upon Host is NOT immediately killed

7. Parasitism  2 Groups of Parasites Ectoparasite –External parasite –Ex. Ticks, fleas, lice Endoparasite –Internal parasite –Tapeworms, disease-causing bacteria

8. Mutualism & Commensalism Mutualism –Cooperative relationship in which both species derive a benefit Commensalism –an interaction in which one species benfits and the other is not affected

9. Competition –Results from fundamental niche overlap (use of the same limited resource by two or more species) Competitive Exclusion –Species is eliminated from a community because of competition for the same limited resource