Classifying Chemical Reactions

Kentlake Science Department2 The Nature of Chemical Reactions Substances that undergo a chemical reaction experience a change in their physical and chemical properties.

Kentlake Science Department3 Chemical Equations Chemical reactions are described by: –Word Equations –Formula Equations

Kentlake Science Department4 Reactants The substances present before a chemical reaction occurs.

Kentlake Science Department5 Products The substances that result from the chemical reaction.

Kentlake Science Department6 Chemical Reactions Occur so that atoms can become more stable.

Kentlake Science Department7 Law Conservation of Matter Because the number and kind of atoms on the reactant side are the same as the number and kind of atoms on the product side.

Kentlake Science Department8 Coefficients Is a number written before the formula. It indicates the number of reactants or products involved.

Kentlake Science Department9 The Seven Diatomic Substances (plus two friends) H 2, N 2, O 2, F 2, Cl 2, Br 2, & I 2 In addition to the above, P 4 and S 8.

Kentlake Science Department10 Synthesis Reactions Occur when two or more substances combine to form one compound.

Kentlake Science Department11 Synthesis Reactions Elements are joined together. 2H 2 + O 2  2H 2 O A + B  AB

Kentlake Science Department12 Synthesis Reactions Compounds are joined together. 6CO 2 +6H 2 O  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

Kentlake Science Department13 Single Displacement Reactions Occur when an uncombined element replaces an element that is part of a compound.

Kentlake Science Department14 Single Displacement Reactions A single element replaces an element in a compound. Zn+ 2HCl  H 2 + ZnCl 2 A + BY  B + AY

Kentlake Science Department15 Decomposition Reaction A complex substance breaks down into two or more simpler substances. 2H 2 O  2H 2 + O 2 AB  A + B

Kentlake Science Department16 Combustion Reactions A hydrocarbon is a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen. When burned they will combine with oxygen.

Kentlake Science Department17 Combustion Reactions The products of combustion are always carbon dioxide and water. CH 4 +2O 2  CO 2 +2H 2 O hydrocarbon + oxygen carbon dioxide + water

Kentlake Science Department18 Double Displacement Reactions An element from each of two compounds switch places.

Kentlake Science Department19 Double Displacement Reactions H 2 SO 4 +2NaOH  Na 2 SO 4 +2H 2 O AX + BY  AY + BX

Kentlake Science Department20 Neutralization Reactions Double displacement reactions that involve the reaction between an acid and base

Kentlake Science Department21 Neutralization Reactions Forms a salt and water. Heat is usually given off in neutralization reactions.

Kentlake Science Department22 Neutralization Reactions Mg(OH) 2 +2HCl  MgCl 2 +2H 2 O base + Acid  salt + water

Kentlake Science Department23 Internet References Balancing Equations