Microzonation Study of Soil Liquefaction Potential and Damage Wei F. Lee Taiwan Construction Research Institute Ming-Hung Chen National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering
Problems and Solutions Liquefaction microzonation in metropolitan Area Liquefaction microzonation in metropolitan Area Sensitivity- adequate analysis unitSensitivity- adequate analysis unit Population- building coveragePopulation- building coverage Foundation typeFoundation type GIS application GIS application
Southwest Taiwan Liquefaction Potential Microzonation ISSMFE TC4 , 1993 Grade Data Based I Historic data Geology map Surface map II Aerial photo Subsurface condition Ground surveying III Geotechnical Investigation Zonation
Procedure Geological Environmental Topography and Surface condition Level One Grid Generation ⅠⅡⅢ
Level Two In-Situ/ Lab soil Properties Liquefaction Potential Evaluation and Risk Analysis Influence Factor Selection Data Collection Level Three Procedure
Structure Coverage Rate Structure Coverage Rate Structure Coverage RateGrid Size Below 25 ﹪ 1600×1600 m2 25 ﹪ ~ 60 ﹪ 800×800 m 2 Above 60 ﹪ 400×400 m 2 Grid Setup
GIS Application GIS Combined Slope Management Database
GIS Evaluation Topographic map Geological map Geophysics Info. Hydraulic system map Past event record Digitalized models Geological zonation Strike and fault map River system categorization Weighting system
Case Studied Level I assessment Level I assessment Kaohsiung CityKaohsiung City Level I, II and III, with initial hazard analysis Level I, II and III, with initial hazard analysis Taipei CityTaipei City Evaluation method Evaluation method Yuan Lin TownshipYuan Lin Township
Kaohsiung City
Kaohsiung Liquefaction Potential Microzonation Regular Grid
Kaohsiung Liquefaction Potential Microzonation Modified grid
Kaohsiung Liquefaction Potential Microzonation Level One- Regular grid
Southwest Taiwan Liquefaction Potential Microzonation Level One- Modified grid
Kaohsiung Liquefaction Potential Microzonation Third Level (Seed97) - Regular Grid
Kaohsiung Liquefaction Potential Microzonation Third Level (T&Y)- Modified Grid
Taipei City
Microzonation Grid Regular Method
Microzonation Grid Modified Method
Hydraulic Map and Administration
Taipei Basin First Class Evaluation
Second Class Evaluation 2002 Ground Water
Second Class Evaluation Geology
Third Class Evaluation SPT Boring Locations
Seed97 Liquefaction Potential Evaluation (Dry Season)
Dry Season Regular Regular Mocrozonation Wet Season Dry Season Modified Microzonation
Comparison of indirect interpretation and proposed method
Settlement Evaluation, (Seed97 method, dry season, Regular Microzonation)
Lateral Spreading Evaluation (Bartlett and Youd, EQ Source B, dry season, Regular Microzonation)
Lateral Spreading Evaluation (Bartlett and Youd, EQ Source A, dry season, Regular Microzonation)
Analysis Tool NNT Evaluation
Database including 279 cases 80% for training 20% for testing Yuan Lin Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Non-Liquefied cases 237 Liquefied cases 42
Selected Input Factors 1.Depth of liquefiable soil 2.SPT-N value 3.Fines Content (FC) 4.Total Stress 5.Effective Stress 6.D 50 7.Peak Horizontal Acceleration ( a max ) 8.Earthquake Magnitude ( Mw ) 9.Liquefaction Initiation Evaluation
Artificial Neural Network Hidden Level : 2 Note : 10 moving note structure (Wu,1991) Connection : Fully Connection Weighting ( Wij ): Quickprop ( Fahlman , 1988 )
Soil Properties Liquefaction Potential ANN-1 Model
ANN-1 model Input and Output Input Output
Data Normalizing
ANN-2 Model Soil Properties Critical State Cyclic Resistance Ratio (CRR)
ANN-2 model Input and Output Input Output
ANN Results
Critical State
Future Research More boring? More boring? Visualized Iwasaki method? Visualized Iwasaki method? Soil maps at different depthSoil maps at different depth Geophysics Measurement Geophysics Measurement Analysis Tool Analysis Tool Metropolitan Geotech Database (MGD) Metropolitan Geotech Database (MGD) One more big one! One more big one!
Thank You Questions